Background

In recent years, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) has received a lot of attentions owing to their great physical and optical properties. There are different kinds of carbon sources applied in various fields, however, CQDs used in the food industry have higher requirements for their safety. Therefore, it is the best way to use natural materials for preparing CQDs without the participation of chemicals. Up to now, there are many natural food products for preparing CQDs. However, food waste is often overlooked. Actually, food waste is rich in carbon sources. And the efficient utilization of food waste plays a positive role in economic benefit and environmental pollution.

Scope and approach

Proper use of food waste as carbon source not only facilitates food safety detection but also increases byproduct value. This paper was intended to review the research progress of food waste utilization as carbon precursor and applications in food safety detection. The approaches of preparing CQDs from different sorts of food wastes, the characteristics and applications of CQDs were described in detail. Particularly the applications in food quality and safety detection including food additives, heavy metal ions were also elaborated.

Key findings and conclusions

Currently, food waste as carbon source could be divided into plant byproducts, animal food byproducts and food processing byproducts. Moreover, there are many applications of food waste as carbon precursor in CQDs technology to detect food additives and heavy metal ions. However, detection of pathogens and other harmful substances in food industry is rare. Last but not least, it was concluded that food waste had potential to prepare CQDs and be applied to food safety detection.

中文翻译：

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碳量子点技术中作为碳源的食物垃圾及其在食品安全检测中的应用

背景

近年来，碳量子点（CQD）由于其出色的物理和光学特性而受到了广泛的关注。在各个领域中使用了不同种类的碳源，但是，食品工业中使用的CQD对安全性提出了更高的要求。因此，这是在不使用化学药品的情况下使用天然材料制备CQD的最佳方法。到目前为止，有许多天然食品可用于制备CQD。然而，食物浪费常常被忽视。实际上，食物垃圾富含碳源。餐厨垃圾的有效利用对经济效益和环境污染具有积极作用。

范围和方法

适当使用厨余作为碳源，不仅可以促进食品安全检测，而且可以增加副产品的价值。本文旨在综述作为碳前体的食物垃圾利用的研究进展及其在食品安全检测中的应用。详细介绍了从不同种类的食物垃圾中制备CQD的方法，CQD的特性和应用。特别是还详细阐述了在食品质量和安全检测中的应用，包括食品添加剂，重金属离子。

主要发现和结论

目前，作为碳源的食物垃圾可以分为植物副产品，动物食品副产品和食品加工副产品。此外，在CQD技术中有许多食物残渣作为碳前体的应用，可用于检测食物添加剂和重金属离子。但是，在食品工业中很少检测到病原体和其他有害物质。最后但并非最不重要的一点是，结论是食物垃圾具有制备CQD的潜力，可用于食品安全检测。