Background

The discovery and use of antibiotics have produced tremendous benefits for human society, however, with the large-scale use of antibiotics in medicine, animal husbandry and other fields, more and more antibiotic-resistant bacteria have emerged. Since diseases caused by such antibiotic-resistant bacteria could require more drastic measures to treat, the emergence of such resistant bacteria in food has attracted much concern.

Scope and approach

In this review, we summarized the interplay between antibiotic resistance and food-associated stress tolerance, and the hypothesized molecular mechanisms for the cross protection in bacteria.

Key findings and conclusions

In this review, we found that some common food-associated stresses, such as cold, acid, osmosis and sanitizers could provide cross protection for bacteria against antibiotics. In turn, antibiotic resistance could also render bacteria more tolerant to food-associated stresses. Meanwhile, novel nonthermal technologies may more likely result in little or no difference in bacterial antibiotic resistance, and this can be an advantage over traditional sterilization methods. Several molecular mechanisms for the cross protection between antibiotics and food-associated stresses have been discussed in this review. General stress response (e.g., sigma factors and two-component system), SOS response, mutations, and other mechanisms have been proposed as strategies for bacteria acquisition of cross protection.

中文翻译：

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食源性病原体中抗生素抗性与食物相关的压力耐受性之间的相互作用

背景

抗生素的发现和使用为人类社会带来了巨大的好处，但是，随着抗生素在医学，畜牧业和其他领域的大规模使用，出现了越来越多的耐药菌。由于由这种抗药性细菌引起的疾病可能需要更严厉的措施来治疗，因此食品中这种抗药性细菌的出现引起了人们的广泛关注。

范围和方法

在这篇综述中，我们总结了抗生素抗性与食物相关的胁迫耐受性之间的相互作用，以及假设的细菌交叉保护分子机制。

主要发现和结论

在这篇综述中，我们发现一些与食物相关的常见应激，例如感冒，酸，渗透和消毒剂，可以为细菌提供针对抗生素的交叉保护。反过来，对抗生素的抗药性也可能使细菌更能耐受与食物相关的压力。同时，新的非热技术很可能导致细菌对抗生素的耐药性差异很小或没有差异，这可能是优于传统灭菌方法的一个优势。在这篇综述中已经讨论了几种抗生素与食物相关应激之间的交叉保护的分子机制。已提出一般应激反应（例如sigma因子和两组分系统），SOS反应，突变和其他机制作为细菌获得交叉保护的策略。