Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most threatening diseases to human health and life, and the number of patients is increasing year by year. Thus, it is of great significance to study the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of CVDs. The occurrence and development of CVDs involve dynamic, complex and delicate intracellular processes and the pathogenesis is not entirely clear. In contrast to genetic mutations, most of the protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are reversible, and can affect the activity, stability, subcellular localization, protein-protein interaction etc., of the substrate targets, emerging as key mediators of a number of CVD progression. Under pathological conditions, the PTMs undergo aberrant balances which cause changes of the substrate target proteins in expression level, localization and capacity to activate downstream signaling pathways. Therefore, new approaches can be created aiming to correct the abnormal PTM alterations in treating CVDs. This review summarizes some of the more recent advances in PTMs, focusing on SUMOylation, neddylation, succinylation, and prenylation, and the effect of these modifications on cardiovascular function and progression, which may provide potential targets for future therapeutics.

中文翻译：

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翻译后修饰与心血管疾病的关系：集中于SUMOylation，neddylation，succinylation和prenylation。

心血管疾病（CVD）是对人类健康和生命威胁最大的疾病之一，患者人数逐年增加。因此，研究CVD的发病机制，预防和治疗具有重要意义。CVD的发生和发展涉及动态，复杂和微妙的细胞内过程，其发病机理尚不完全清楚。与遗传突变相反，大多数蛋白质翻译后修饰（PTM）是可逆的，并且可以影响底物靶标的活性，稳定性，亚细胞定位，蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用等，是许多蛋白质的关键介体。 CVD进展。在病理条件下，PTM会发生异常平衡，从而导致底物靶蛋白表达水平发生变化，定位和激活下游信号通路的能力。因此，可以创建新的方法，以纠正在治疗CVD中异常的PTM改变。这篇综述总结了PTM的一些最新进展，重点是SUMOylation，neddylation，succinylation和prenylation，以及这些修饰对心血管功能和进展的影响，这可能为将来的治疗方法提供潜在的靶点。