The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for the synthesis of one-third of the cellular proteome and is constantly challenged by physiological and environmental situations that can perturb its homeostasis and lead to the accumulation of misfolded secretory proteins, a condition referred to as ER stress. In response, the ER evokes a set of intracellular signaling processes, collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), which are designed to restore biosynthetic capacity of the ER. As single-cell organisms evolved into multicellular life, the UPR complexity has increased to suit their growth and development. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of the UPR, emphasizing conserved UPR elements between plants and metazoans and highlighting unique plant-specific features.

中文翻译：

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拟南芥内质网应激反应的功能多样化。


内质网 (ER) 负责合成三分之一的细胞蛋白质组，并不断受到生理和环境情况的挑战，这些情况可能扰乱其稳态并导致错误折叠的分泌蛋白的积累，这种情况称为 ER 应激。作为响应，内质网引发一系列细胞内信号传导过程，统称为未折叠蛋白反应（UPR），旨在恢复内质网的生物合成能力。随着单细胞生物进化成多细胞生命，UPR 的复杂性不断增加以适应它们的生长和发育。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了对 UPR 理解的最新进展，强调植物和后生动物之间保守的 UPR 元件，并强调独特的植物特异性特征。