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Enzymatic activities in the digestive tract of spirostreptid and spirobolid millipedes (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida and Spirobolida).
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110388 V Šustr 1 , S Semanová 2 , M M Rost-Roszkowska 3 , K Tajovský 4 , A Sosinka 3 , F Kaszuba 3
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110388 V Šustr 1 , S Semanová 2 , M M Rost-Roszkowska 3 , K Tajovský 4 , A Sosinka 3 , F Kaszuba 3
Affiliation
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Millipedes represent a model for the study of organic matter transformation, animal-microbial interactions, and compartmentalisation of digestion. The activity of saccharidases (amylase, laminarinase, cellulase, xylanase, chitinase, maltase, cellobiase, and trehalase) and protease were measured in the midgut and hindgut contents and walls of the millipedes Archispirostreptus gigas and Epibolus pulchripes. Assays done at pH 4 and 7 confirmed activities of all enzymes except xylanase. Hydrolysing of starch and laminarin prevailed. The hindgut of E. pulchripes was shorter, less differentiated. Micro-apocrine secretion was observed only in the midgut of A. gigas. Merocrine secretion was present in midgut and hindgut of E. pulchripes, and in the pyloric valve and anterior hindgut of A. gigas. Alpha-polysaccharidases were mostly active in the midgut content and walls, with higher activity at pH 4. The low activity of amylase (A. gigas) and laminarinase (E. pulchripes) in midgut tissue may indicate their synthesis in salivary glands. Cellulases were found in midgut. Chitinases, found in midgut content and tissue (E. pulchripes) or concentrated in the midgut wall (A. gigas), were more active at an acidic pH. Polysaccharidases were low in hindguts. Protease shows midgut origin and alkaline activity extending to the hindgut in E. pulchripes, whereas in A. gigas it is of salivary gland origin and acid activity restricted to the midgut. Some disaccharidases, with more alkaline activity, showed less apparent midgut-hindgut differences. It may indicate an axial separating of the primary and secondary digestion along the intestinal pH gradient or the presence of enzymes of hindgut parasites.
中文翻译：
螺旋菌和螺旋菌的千足虫的消化道中的酶活性（双翅目：螺旋菌和螺旋菌）。
千足虫代表了一个模型，用于研究有机物转化，动物与微生物的相互作用以及消化的区室化。在千足虫Archispirostreptus gigas和Epibolus pulchripes的中肠和后肠内容物和壁中测量了糖化酶（淀粉酶，laminarinase，纤维素酶，木聚糖酶，几丁质酶，麦芽糖酶，纤维二糖酶和海藻糖酶）和蛋白酶的活性。在pH 4和7下进行的测定证实了除木聚糖酶以外的所有酶的活性。淀粉和层粘连蛋白的水解占主导。P.chulchripes的后肠较短，分化程度较低。仅在A. gigas的中肠中观察到微顶泌分泌。Merulrine分泌物存在于P.chulchripes的中肠和后肠中，以及A. gigas的幽门瓣和前后肠中。α-多糖酶主要在中肠内容物和壁中起作用，在pH 4下具有较高的活性。中肠组织中的淀粉酶（A. gigas）和层粘连酶（E. pulchripes）的低活性可能表明它们在唾液腺中合成。在中肠中发现了纤维素酶。在中肠内容物和组织（毛肠埃希氏菌）中发现或在中肠壁（阿米氏菌）中富集的几丁质酶在酸性pH值下更具活性。多糖酶的后肠低。蛋白酶显示出肠中肠起源和碱性活性延伸到后肠中，而在长曲霉中它是唾液腺起源，而酸性活动仅限于中肠。一些具有更强碱性的糖酶显示中肠-后肠差异不明显。
更新日期：2019-11-18
中文翻译：
螺旋菌和螺旋菌的千足虫的消化道中的酶活性（双翅目：螺旋菌和螺旋菌）。
千足虫代表了一个模型，用于研究有机物转化，动物与微生物的相互作用以及消化的区室化。在千足虫Archispirostreptus gigas和Epibolus pulchripes的中肠和后肠内容物和壁中测量了糖化酶（淀粉酶，laminarinase，纤维素酶，木聚糖酶，几丁质酶，麦芽糖酶，纤维二糖酶和海藻糖酶）和蛋白酶的活性。在pH 4和7下进行的测定证实了除木聚糖酶以外的所有酶的活性。淀粉和层粘连蛋白的水解占主导。P.chulchripes的后肠较短，分化程度较低。仅在A. gigas的中肠中观察到微顶泌分泌。Merulrine分泌物存在于P.chulchripes的中肠和后肠中，以及A. gigas的幽门瓣和前后肠中。α-多糖酶主要在中肠内容物和壁中起作用，在pH 4下具有较高的活性。中肠组织中的淀粉酶（A. gigas）和层粘连酶（E. pulchripes）的低活性可能表明它们在唾液腺中合成。在中肠中发现了纤维素酶。在中肠内容物和组织（毛肠埃希氏菌）中发现或在中肠壁（阿米氏菌）中富集的几丁质酶在酸性pH值下更具活性。多糖酶的后肠低。蛋白酶显示出肠中肠起源和碱性活性延伸到后肠中，而在长曲霉中它是唾液腺起源，而酸性活动仅限于中肠。一些具有更强碱性的糖酶显示中肠-后肠差异不明显。
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