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Dynamics of trace metals in the system water - soil - plant - wild rats - tapeworms (Hymenolepis diminuta) in Maglizh area, Bulgaria.
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126440 Antonina Kovacheva 1 , Ivelin Vladov 2 , Margarita Gabrashanska 2 , Diana Rabadjieva 1 , Stefka Tepavitcharova 1 , Veselin Nanev 2 , Manos Dassenakis 3 , Sotirios Karavoltsos 3
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126440 Antonina Kovacheva 1 , Ivelin Vladov 2 , Margarita Gabrashanska 2 , Diana Rabadjieva 1 , Stefka Tepavitcharova 1 , Veselin Nanev 2 , Manos Dassenakis 3 , Sotirios Karavoltsos 3
Affiliation
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BACKGROUND
The impact of chemical elements on the biosphere is a function of their concentration and chemical form. Elucidation and prognosing of the latters in water basins and soil extracts is of particular significance for the assessment of their bioaccumulation in plants and animals.
OBJECTIVES
Trace metals dynamics in the system water - soil-plant-wild rats - Hymenolepis diminuta in two agro-industrial zones (East and West) around Maglizh city, Bulgaria were investigated through experimental studies and thermodynamic modelling of the chemical species.
METHODS
Samples from surface waters of rivers, their nearby uncultivated soils, meadow uncultivated vegetation (Ranunculus acris and Gramineae) and field rats were collected. In situ measurements and laboratory analyses were performed for the determination of the physico-chemical characteristics and total concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. The distribution of their dissolved chemical species in water samples and in the aqueous soil extracts was calculated using a thermodynamic approach. The relationship chemical species - bioaccumulation was discussed.
RESULTS
Waters and soils in the East zone of Maglizh area were found to be more polluted compared to those in the West one, regarding Ni, Mn, Zn, Pb and Cu, while Mn and Cu displayed the highest mobility in West zone soils. Trace metals contents in Ranunculus acris exceed that in Gramineae, since the highest accumulation factors were calculated for Cu and Zn. The highest accumulation in rats was found for Zn followed by Cu, being higher in the West zone. Thermodynamic modelling shows that Mn2+ free ions are dominant in both waters and aqueous soil extracts. Ni2+ and Zn2+ ions followed by metal-organic complexes are dominant in waters of East zone while metal-organic complexes followed by free ions are dominant in waters of West zone and both soil extracts. Metal-organic complexes are dominant for Fe, Cu and Pb in all samples studied, while mainly hydroxy forms (Al(OH)4-) followed by metal-organic complexes are typically for Al depending on pH.
CONCLUSIONS
Experimentally established bioaccumulation of trace metals in the studied vegetation and rats is a consequence of the total concentration of trace metals in waters and soils, their mobility and chemical species. The dominance of organic complexes of trace metals is a prerequisite for their bioaccumulation in plants. Rats are in direct contact with the soil solution and therefore, of importance is the content of free ions of Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, which are easily absorbed through the skin. The host-helminth system wild rat/H. diminuta could be used as a bioindicator for trace metals pollution.
中文翻译：
在系统水-土壤-植物-野鼠-tape虫（Hymenolepis diminuta）中的微量金属动力学在Maglizh地区，保加利亚。
背景技术化学元素对生物圈的影响是它们的浓度和化学形式的函数。阐明和预测水盆和土壤提取物中的后者对于评估它们在植物和动物中的生物蓄积具有特别重要的意义。目的通过实验研究和化学物种的热力学模型，研究了保加利亚马格里日市周围两个农业工业区（东西方）的水-土壤-植物-野生大鼠-Hymenolepis diminuta系统中的痕量金属动力学。方法收集河流地表水，附近未耕种的土壤，未耕种的草地植被（毛an（Ranunculus acris）和禾本科（Gramineae））以及田鼠的样本。进行了现场测量和实验室分析，以确定铝，铁，锰，镍，铜，锌和铅的理化特性和总浓度。使用热力学方法计算了它们在水样和含水土壤提取物中溶解的化学物质的分布。讨论了化学物种与生物蓄积性之间的关系。结果发现，马格里日东部地区的水和土壤比西部地区的污染更为严重，其中镍，锰，锌，铅和铜的污染程度最高，而锰和铜在西部地区的迁移率最高。由于计算出的铜和锌的累积因子最高，毛R属中的痕量金属含量超过禾本科。在大鼠中，锌的累积量最高，其次是铜，在西部最高。热力学模型表明，Mn2 +游离离子在水和土壤含水提取物中均占主导地位。Ni2 +和Zn2 +离子紧随其后的是金属有机配合物，在东部地区的水域中占主导地位，而金属有机络合物紧随其后的游离离子在西部地区的水域和两种土壤提取物中均占主导地位。在所有研究的样品中，金属，有机物，铁，铜和铅占主导地位，而主要是羟基形式（Al（OH）4-），其后是金属，有机物，根据pH值通常是铝。结论实验确定的被研究植物和大鼠体内痕量金属的生物蓄积是水和土壤中痕量金属的总浓度，其迁移率和化学物种的结果。微量金属有机配合物的优势地位是其在植物体内生物富集的先决条件。大鼠与土壤溶液直接接触，因此重要的是容易通过皮肤吸收的Mn2 +，Ni2 +，Zn2 +的游离离子含量。宿主蠕虫系统野生大鼠/ H。diminuta可用作痕量金属污染的生物指标。
更新日期：2019-11-15
中文翻译：
在系统水-土壤-植物-野鼠-tape虫（Hymenolepis diminuta）中的微量金属动力学在Maglizh地区，保加利亚。
背景技术化学元素对生物圈的影响是它们的浓度和化学形式的函数。阐明和预测水盆和土壤提取物中的后者对于评估它们在植物和动物中的生物蓄积具有特别重要的意义。目的通过实验研究和化学物种的热力学模型，研究了保加利亚马格里日市周围两个农业工业区（东西方）的水-土壤-植物-野生大鼠-Hymenolepis diminuta系统中的痕量金属动力学。方法收集河流地表水，附近未耕种的土壤，未耕种的草地植被（毛an（Ranunculus acris）和禾本科（Gramineae））以及田鼠的样本。进行了现场测量和实验室分析，以确定铝，铁，锰，镍，铜，锌和铅的理化特性和总浓度。使用热力学方法计算了它们在水样和含水土壤提取物中溶解的化学物质的分布。讨论了化学物种与生物蓄积性之间的关系。结果发现，马格里日东部地区的水和土壤比西部地区的污染更为严重，其中镍，锰，锌，铅和铜的污染程度最高，而锰和铜在西部地区的迁移率最高。由于计算出的铜和锌的累积因子最高，毛R属中的痕量金属含量超过禾本科。在大鼠中，锌的累积量最高，其次是铜，在西部最高。热力学模型表明，Mn2 +游离离子在水和土壤含水提取物中均占主导地位。Ni2 +和Zn2 +离子紧随其后的是金属有机配合物，在东部地区的水域中占主导地位，而金属有机络合物紧随其后的游离离子在西部地区的水域和两种土壤提取物中均占主导地位。在所有研究的样品中，金属，有机物，铁，铜和铅占主导地位，而主要是羟基形式（Al（OH）4-），其后是金属，有机物，根据pH值通常是铝。结论实验确定的被研究植物和大鼠体内痕量金属的生物蓄积是水和土壤中痕量金属的总浓度，其迁移率和化学物种的结果。微量金属有机配合物的优势地位是其在植物体内生物富集的先决条件。大鼠与土壤溶液直接接触，因此重要的是容易通过皮肤吸收的Mn2 +，Ni2 +，Zn2 +的游离离子含量。宿主蠕虫系统野生大鼠/ H。diminuta可用作痕量金属污染的生物指标。
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