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Educate, Test and Treat Model towards elimination of hepatitis C infection in Egypt: Feasibility and effectiveness in 73 villages
Journal of Hepatology ( IF 26.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.11.004
Gamal Shiha 1 , Reham Soliman 2 , Nabiel N H Mikhail 3 , Philippa Easterbrook 4
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Egypt has one of the highest burdens of HCV infection worldwide, and a large treatment programme, but reaching rural communities represents a major challenge. We report the feasibility and effectiveness of a comprehensive community-based HCV prevention, testing and treatment model in 73 villages across Egypt, with the goal to eliminate infection from all adult villagers. METHODS An HCV "educate, test and treat" programme was implemented in 73 villages across 7 governorates in Egypt between 06/2015 and 06/2018. The programme model comprised community mobilization facilitated by a network of village promoters to support the education, test and treat campaign as well as fund raising in the local community; a comprehensive testing, linkage to care and treatment of all eligible villagers aged 12 to 80 years using HCV antibody and HBsAg rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), HCV RNA confirmation of positive cases, staging of liver disease using transient elastography (FibroScan) or FIB4 score, treatment with 12 or 24 weeks of a direct acting antiviral (DAA) regimen, and an assessment of cure at 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12); and an education campaign to raise awareness and disseminate messages about safer practices to reduce transmission through public events, promotional materials and house-to-house visits. Key outcomes assessed in each village were: uptake of serological HCV and HBV testing, HCV viral load confirmation and treatment, and SVR12. FINDINGS 204749 (92.3%, 95% CI 91.6-93.5) of 221855 eligible villagers were screened for HCV antibody and HBsAg, and 33839 (16.5%, 95% CI 12.2-16.1) and 763 (0.4%, 95% CI 0.3-0.5) were positive, respectively. Nearly all 33839 HCV antibody positive individuals had immediate sample collected for HCV RNA and 15892 (47.0%, 95% CI 44.8-53.8) were positive. Overall, prevalence of HCV viremia was 7.8%, 95% CI 6.6-7.9. 14495 (91.2%, 95% CI 89.9-96.4) received treatment within a median of 2.1 weeks from serological diagnosis (IQR: 0.6 to 3.3 weeks). SVR12) was achieved among 14238 of the treated cases (98.3%, 95% CI 96.7-98.6). 3192 (20.1%) had cirrhosis, and of these 166 (5.2%) were diagnosed with HCC. INTERPRETATION This large community-based educate, test and treat programme in more than 200,000 villagers demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of this model for elimination of HCV infection in rural communities. We estimate treatment coverage and cure of 84.6% of the estimated 17137 infected persons aged 12-80 years across the 73 villages.

中文翻译:

埃及消除丙型肝炎感染的教育、测试和治疗模式:在 73 个村庄的可行性和有效性

背景 埃及是世界范围内 HCV 感染负担最重的国家之一,拥有庞大的治疗计划,但到达农村社区是一项重大挑战。我们报告了埃及 73 个村庄基于社区的综合 HCV 预防、检测和治疗模式的可行性和有效性,其目标是消除所有成年村民的感染。方法 2015 年 6 月至 2018 年 6 月至 2018 年间,在埃及 7 个省的 73 个村庄实施了 HCV“教育、检测和治疗”计划。该计划模式包括由村庄发起人网络推动的社区动员,以支持当地社区的教育、测试和治疗活动以及筹款活动;全面的测试,使用 HCV 抗体和 HBsAg 快速诊断测试 (RDTs) 与所有符合条件的 12 至 80 岁村民的护理和治疗相关联,阳性病例的 HCV RNA 确认,使用瞬时弹性成像 (FibroScan) 或 FIB4 评分对肝脏疾病进行分期,治疗 12或 24 周的直接作用抗病毒 (DAA) 方案,并在完成治疗后 12 周评估治愈 (SVR12);以及通过公共活动、宣传材料和挨家挨户开展的一项教育运动,以提高认识并传播有关更安全做法的信息,以减少传播。在每个村庄评估的主要结果是:血清学 HCV 和 HBV 检测的摄取、HCV 病毒载量确认和治疗以及 SVR12。结果 对 221855 名符合条件的村民中的 204749(92.3%,95% CI 91.6-93.5)进行了 HCV 抗体和 HBsAg 筛查,33839 (16.5%, 95% CI 12.2-16.1) 和 763 (0.4%, 95% CI 0.3-0.5) 分别为阳性。几乎所有 33839 名 HCV 抗体阳性个体都立即采集了 HCV RNA 样本,其中 15892 名 (47.0%, 95% CI 44.8-53.8) 呈阳性。总体而言,HCV 病毒血症的流行率为 7.8%,95% CI 6.6-7.9。14495 (91.2%, 95% CI 89.9-96.4) 在血清学诊断后中位 2.1 周内接受治疗(IQR:0.6 至 3.3 周)。SVR12) 在 14238 例接受治疗的病例中实现 (98.3%, 95% CI 96.7-98.6)。3192 人(20.1%)患有肝硬化,其中 166 人(5.2%)被诊断为 HCC。解释 这个以社区为基础的大型教育、检测和治疗计划在超过 200,000 名村民中进行,证明了这种模式在消除农村社区 HCV 感染方面的可行性和有效性。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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