The fundamentals of cardiac resuscitation include the immediate provision of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with rapid defibrillation (as appropriate). These mainstays of therapy set the groundwork for other possible interventions such as medications, advanced airways, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and post–cardiac arrest care, including targeted temperature management, cardiorespiratory support, and percutaneous coronary intervention. Since 2015, an increased number of studies have been published evaluating some of these interventions, requiring a reassessment of their use and impact on survival from cardiac arrest. This 2019 focused update to the American Heart Association advanced cardiovascular life support guidelines summarizes the most recent published evidence for and recommendations on the use of advanced airways, vasopressors, and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation during cardiac arrest. It includes revised recommendations for all 3 areas, including the choice of advanced airway devices and strategies during cardiac arrest (eg, bag-mask ventilation, supraglottic airway, or endotracheal intubation), the training and retraining required, the administration of standard-dose epinephrine, and the decisions involved in the application of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its potential impact on cardiac arrest survival.

中文翻译：

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2019年美国心脏协会重点关注高级心血管生命支持的更新：心脏骤停期间使用先进的气道，加压素和体外心肺复苏术：《美国心脏协会心肺复苏和紧急心血管护理指南》的更新。

心脏复苏的基本原则包括立即提供高质量的心肺复苏以及快速除颤（视情况而定）。这些治疗的主要手段为其他可能的干预措施奠定了基础，例如药物，高级气道，体外心肺复苏和心脏骤停后护理，包括目标温度管理，心肺支持和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗。自2015年以来，越来越多的研究评估了其中一些干预措施，要求重新评估其使用方式以及对心脏骤停生存的影响。美国心脏协会高级心血管生命支持指南于2019年重点更新，总结了心跳骤停期间使用高级气道，血管加压药和体外心肺复苏的最新公开证据和建议。它包括针对所有三个领域的修订建议，包括在心脏骤停期间选择先进的气道设备和策略（例如，袋式面罩通气，声门上气道或气管插管），所需的培训和再培训，标准剂量肾上腺素的管理，以及体外心肺复苏应用的决策及其对心脏骤停生存的潜在影响。