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Principal results of the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) and updated meta-analyses of relevant vitamin D trials.
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105522
JoAnn E Manson 1 , Shari S Bassuk 2 , Julie E Buring 1 ,
Affiliation  

Whether supplemental vitamin D reduces risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease (CVD) is relatively unexplored in randomized trial settings. The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) was a nationwide, randomized, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial trial of daily vitamin D3 (2000 IU) and marine omega-3 fatty acids (1 g) in the primary prevention of cancer and CVD among 25,871 U.S. men aged ≥50 and women aged ≥55, including 5106 African Americans. Median treatment duration was 5.3 years. Vitamin D did not significantly reduce the primary endpoint of total invasive cancer incidence (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.96 [95% confidence interval 0.88-1.06]) but showed a promising signal for reduction in total cancer mortality (HR = 0.83 [0.67-1.02]), especially in analyses that accounted for latency by excluding the first year (HR = 0.79 [0.63-0.99]) or first 2 years (HR = 0.75 [0.59-0.96]) of follow-up. Vitamin D did not significantly reduce the co-primary endpoint of major CVD events (HR = 0.97 [0.85-1.12]), other cardiovascular endpoints, or all-cause mortality (HR = 0.99 [0.87-1.12]). Updated meta-analyses that include VITAL and other recent vitamin D trials indicate a significant reduction in cancer mortality but not in cancer incidence or CVD endpoints. Additional research is needed to determine which individuals may be most likely to derive a net benefit from vitamin D supplementation. (VITAL clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01169259).

中文翻译:

VITamin D和OmegA-3 TriaL(VITAL)的主要结果以及相关维生素D试验的最新荟萃分析。

补充维生素D是否降低癌症或心血管疾病(CVD)的风险在随机试验中尚无定论。VITamin D和OmegA-3 TriaL(VITAL)是一项全国性,随机,安慰剂对照的2×2因子试验,每日预防维生素D3(2000 IU)和海洋omega-3脂肪酸(1 g)的一级预防25,871名美国50岁以上男性和55岁以上女性中的癌症和CVD,包括5106名非洲裔美国人。中位治疗时间为5.3年。维生素D并未显着降低总浸润性癌症发生率的主要终点(危险比[HR] = 0.96 [95%置信区间0.88-1.06]),但显示出降低总癌症死亡率的有希望的信号(HR = 0.83 [0.67- 1.02]),尤其是在排除第一年而导致延迟的分析中(HR = 0.79 [0.63-0。99]或随访的前2年(HR = 0.75 [0.59-0.96])。维生素D并未显着降低主要CVD事件的共同主要终点(HR = 0.97 [0.85-1.12]),其他心血管终点或全因死亡率(HR = 0.99 [0.87-1.12])。包括VITAL和其他近期维生素D试验在内的最新荟萃分析表明,癌症死亡率显着降低,但癌症发病率或CVD终点并未显着降低。需要进行进一步的研究,以确定哪些人最有可能从补充维生素D中获得净收益。(VITAL Clinicaltrials.gov标识符:NCT01169259)。包括VITAL和其他近期维生素D试验在内的最新荟萃分析表明,癌症死亡率显着降低,但癌症发病率或CVD终点并未显着降低。需要进行进一步的研究,以确定哪些人最有可能从补充维生素D中获得净收益。(VITAL Clinicaltrials.gov标识符:NCT01169259)。包括VITAL和其他近期维生素D试验在内的最新荟萃分析表明,癌症死亡率显着降低,但癌症发病率或CVD终点并未显着降低。需要进行进一步的研究,以确定哪些人最有可能从补充维生素D中获得净收益。(VITAL Clinicaltrials.gov标识符:NCT01169259)。
更新日期:2019-11-13
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