Recent progress in surface-initiated polymerization enables the deliberate polymer modification of nanoscopic surfaces with high levels of precision. This has given rise to the development of brush particle-based materials (sometimes referred to as ‘hairy nanoparticles’) that are formed by tethering of polymer chains to the surface of nanoparticle-like objects. Brush particles have attracted interest as model systems to understand the effect of surface modification on the structure and interactions in polymer modified colloidal systems (which play a role across fields as diverse as functional coatings, cosmetics, foods or pharmaceuticals) but also as building blocks for the assembly of ‘one-component hybrid materials’ that exhibit unprecedented property combinations, not realizable in classical composite materials. This review presents a summary and analysis of the developments in ‘particle brush materials’. The evolution of synthetic methodologies from the original pioneering work to emerging trends and opportunities in the field of brush synthesis is presented first. Subsequently, the effect of brush architecture on the structure, interaction and assembly of brush particles both with and without a matrix is discussed. Finally, recent advances in the development of functional hybrid materials with applications in energy, catalysis, sensing and other areas is presented.

表面引发的聚合反应的最新进展使得能够以高精确度对纳米级表面进行有意的聚合物改性。这引起了基于刷子颗粒的材料（有时称为“毛状纳米颗粒”）的开发，该材料是通过将聚合物链束缚到纳米颗粒状物体的表面而形成的。刷子颗粒作为模型系统引起了人们的兴趣，以了解表面改性对聚合物改性胶体系统（在功能涂料，化妆品，食品或药品等各个领域均发挥作用的领域）中结构和相互作用的影响。展现出前所未有的特性组合的“单组分混合材料”的组装，这在传统复合材料中是无法实现的。本文对“颗粒刷材料”的发展进行了总结和分析。首先介绍了合成方法论从原始的开创性工作到笔刷合成领域新兴趋势和机遇的演变。随后，讨论了刷子结构对具有和不具有基质的刷子颗粒的结构，相互作用和组装的影响。最后，介绍了功能性杂化材料开发的最新进展及其在能源，催化，传感和其他领域的应用。讨论了具有和不具有基体的刷子颗粒的相互作用和组装。最后，介绍了功能性杂化材料开发的最新进展及其在能源，催化，传感和其他领域的应用。讨论了具有和不具有基体的刷子颗粒的相互作用和组装。最后，介绍了功能性杂化材料开发的最新进展及其在能源，催化，传感和其他领域的应用。