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Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Are Associated with Reduced Fracture Risk among Older Veterans with Dementia.
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-12 , DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3916
Abayomi N Ogunwale 1, 2 , Cathleen S Colon-Emeric 1, 2 , Richard Sloane 1, 2 , Robert A Adler 3, 4 , Kenneth W Lyles 1, 2 , Richard H Lee 1, 2
Affiliation  

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) have been noted to increase bone density and quality in mice. Human studies are limited but suggest an association with improved bone healing after hip fracture. We examined the relationship between AChEI use and fracture risk in a national cohort of 360,015 male veterans aged 65 to 99 years with dementia but without prior fracture using Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital, Medicare, and pharmacy records from 2000 to 2010. Diagnosis of dementia, any clinical fracture (excluding facial and digital), comorbidities, and medications were identified using ICD-9 and drug class codes. Cox proportional hazard models considering AChEI use as a time-varying covariate and adjusting for fall and fracture risk factors compared the time-to-fracture in AChEI users versus non-AChEI users. Potential confounders included demographics (age, race, body mass index), comorbidities associated with fracture or falls (diabetes, lung disease, stroke, Parkinson's, seizures, etc.) and medications associated with fracture or falls (bisphosphonates, glucocorticoids, androgen deprivation therapy [ADT], proton pump inhibitors [PPIs], selective serotonin receptor inhibitors [SSRIs], etc.). Competing mortality risk was considered using the methods of Fine and Gray. To account for persistent effects on bone density or quality that might confer protection after stopping the medication, we completed a secondary analysis using the medication possession ratio (MPR) as a continuous variable in logistic regression models and also compared MPR increments of 10% to minimal/no use (MPR 0 to <0.10). Among older veterans with diagnosis of dementia, 20.1% suffered a fracture over an average of 4.6 years of follow-up. Overall, 42.3% of the cohort were prescribed AChEIs during the study period. The hazard of any fracture among AChEI users compared with those on other/no dementia medications was significantly lower in fully adjusted models (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75-0.88). After considering competing mortality risk, fracture risk remained 18% lower in veterans using AChEIs (HR = 0.82; 95% CI 0.76-0.89). © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

中文翻译:

乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂与老年痴呆症的退伍军人的骨折风险降低相关。

乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂(AChEIs)已被发现可以增加小鼠的骨密度和质量。人体研究有限,但提示与髋部骨折后骨愈合改善有关。我们在2000年至2010年间使用退伍军人事务(VA)医院,Medicare和药房记录,检查了全国范围内360,015名年龄在65至99岁,但先前没有骨折的男性退伍军人中AChEI的使用与骨折风险之间的关系。痴呆的诊断,所有临床骨折(不包括面部和手指骨折),合并症和药物都使用ICD-9和药物分类代码进行了识别。将AChEI用作随时间变化的协变量并调整跌倒和骨折危险因素的Cox比例风险模型比较了AChEI用户和非AChEI用户的骨折时间。潜在的混杂因素包括人口统计学(年龄,种族,体重指数),与骨折或跌倒相关的合并症(糖尿病,肺病,中风,帕金森氏病,癫痫发作等)以及与骨折或跌倒相关的药物(双膦酸盐,糖皮质激素,雄激素剥夺疗法) [ADT],质子泵抑制剂[PPI],选择性5-羟色胺受体抑制剂[SSRI]等)。使用Fine和Gray方法考虑竞争性死亡风险。为了说明在停药后可能对保护骨密度或质量产生的持续影响,我们在Logistic回归模型中使用药物占有率(MPR)作为连续变量完成了二次分析,还比较了MPR增量10%至最小/不使用(MPR 0至<0.10)。在诊断为痴呆的老年退伍军人中,有20。1%的患者在平均4.6年的随访中遭受了骨折。总体而言,在研究期间,该队列中有42.3%的患者开具了AChEI。在完全调整的模型中,AChEI使用者与其他/未使用痴呆药物相比,发生任何骨折的风险均显着降低(风险比[HR] = 0.81; 95%置信区间[CI] 0.75-0.88)。在考虑竞争性死亡风险后,使用AChEIs的退伍军人的骨折风险仍然降低18%(HR = 0.82; 95%CI 0.76-0.89)。©2019美国骨骼和矿物质研究学会。出版于2019年。本文是美国政府的工作,在美国属于公共领域。在完全调整的模型中,AChEI使用者与其他/未使用痴呆药物相比,发生任何骨折的风险均显着降低(风险比[HR] = 0.81; 95%置信区间[CI] 0.75-0.88)。在考虑竞争性死亡风险后,使用AChEIs的退伍军人的骨折风险仍然降低18%(HR = 0.82; 95%CI 0.76-0.89)。©2019美国骨骼和矿物质研究学会。出版于2019年。本文是美国政府的工作,在美国属于公共领域。在完全调整的模型中,AChEI使用者与其他/未使用痴呆药物相比,发生任何骨折的风险均显着降低(风险比[HR] = 0.81; 95%置信区间[CI] 0.75-0.88)。在考虑竞争性死亡风险后,使用AChEIs的退伍军人的骨折风险仍然降低18%(HR = 0.82; 95%CI 0.76-0.89)。©2019美国骨骼和矿物质研究学会。出版于2019年。本文是美国政府的工作,在美国属于公共领域。
更新日期:2019-12-13
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