Chronic inflammation in many infectious and metabolic diseases, and some cancers, is accompanied by the presence of foam cells. These cells form when the intracellular lipid content of macrophages exceeds their capacity to maintain lipid homeostasis. Concurrently, critical macrophage immune functions are diminished. Current paradigms of foam cell formation derive from studies of atherosclerosis. However, recent studies indicate that the mechanisms of foam cell biogenesis during tuberculosis differ from those operating during atherogenesis. Here, we review how foam cell formation and function vary with disease context. Since foam cells are therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis, further research on the disease-specific mechanisms of foam cell biogenesis and function is needed to explore the therapeutic consequences of targeting these cells in other diseases.

中文翻译：

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泡沫电池：一种尺寸并不适合所有人。

在许多传染性和代谢性疾病以及某些癌症中，慢性炎症伴随着泡沫细胞的存在。当巨噬细胞的细胞内脂质含量超过其维持脂质稳态的能力时，这些细胞形成。同时，关键的巨噬细胞免疫功能降低。当前泡沫细胞形成的范例源自对动脉粥样硬化的研究。但是，最近的研究表明，结核病期间泡沫细胞生物发生的机制与动脉粥样硬化发生的机制不同。在这里，我们回顾了泡沫细胞的形成和功能如何随疾病而变化。由于泡沫细胞是动脉粥样硬化的治疗靶标，