Abstract Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a solid tool to assess the potential environmental impacts in construction industry, an important material in this industry is the brick, along time several traditional and alternative bricks were developed and assessed environmentally by LCA. The purpose of this article is to review the literature related to LCA of bricks, responding important topics to characterize and guide future studies. Out of Traditional Bricks (TB), there are Alternative Bricks with Organic (ABO) and Inorganic (ABI) additives, that use wastes from several industries and differ of TB in the omission of firing for a stabilization process, however, to omit firing is hard and stabilization still needs further improvements. The principal system boundaries and tools for LCA were also reviewed. Regarding the most present impact categories, they were: Climate change (CC), Human Toxicity (HT) and Freshwater Ecotoxicity (FE), in every category, production is the stage of highest impact, and in the productive process, drying and burning processes have the highest potential impacts. Future searches could continue to study on new materials (wastes) for development of new ABO and ABI, to quantify the benefits of reusing wastes, and to study, either the replacement of firing with stabilizing processes, or the use of biomass as fuel source in firing, and to develop studies in different countries to create national datasets that will make future studies more representative.

中文翻译：

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传统砖和替代砖的生命周期评估：综述

摘要 生命周期评估 (LCA) 是评估建筑行业潜在环境影响的可靠工具，该行业的重要材料是砖，随着时间的推移，LCA 开发了几种传统和替代砖并对其进行了环境评估。本文的目的是回顾与砖 LCA 相关的文献，回应重要主题以表征和指导未来的研究。在传统砖 (TB) 中，有使用有机 (ABO) 和无机 (ABI) 添加剂的替代砖，它们使用来自多个行业的废物，并且 TB 的不同之处在于省略了烧制以进行稳定过程，但是，省略烧制是硬和稳定还需要进一步改进。还审查了 LCA 的主要系统边界和工具。关于目前的影响类别，它们是：气候变化 (CC)、人类毒性 (HT) 和淡水生态毒性 (FE)，在每个类别中，生产是影响最大的阶段，而在生产过程中，干燥和燃烧过程具有最高的潜在影响。未来的研究可以继续研究用于开发新 ABO 和 ABI 的新材料（废物），量化废物再利用的好处，并研究用稳定过程代替燃烧，或使用生物质作为燃料来源开火，并在不同国家开展研究以创建国家数据集，这将使未来的研究更具代表性。干燥和燃烧过程的潜在影响最大。未来的研究可以继续研究用于开发新 ABO 和 ABI 的新材料（废物），量化废物再利用的好处，并研究用稳定过程代替燃烧，或使用生物质作为燃料来源开火，并在不同国家开展研究以创建国家数据集，这将使未来的研究更具代表性。干燥和燃烧过程的潜在影响最大。未来的研究可以继续研究用于开发新 ABO 和 ABI 的新材料（废物），量化废物再利用的好处，并研究用稳定过程代替燃烧，或使用生物质作为燃料来源开火，并在不同国家开展研究以创建国家数据集，这将使未来的研究更具代表性。