In recent years, there has been an increase in studies on the implications of gut microbiota (GM) on the behaviour of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) due to a dysbiosis in GM that can trigger onset, development or progression of ASD through the microbiota–gut–brain axis. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review of articles from the last 6 years that analyse GM in children with ASD compared to GM in control groups. Children with ASD showed a higher abundance of Roseburia and Candida genera, and lower abundance of Dialister, Bilophila, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Coprococcus and Prevotella genera. Those differences can be attributed to factors such as different nationalities, nature of control groups, place where the sample was taken, gastrointestinal (GI) problems or bacterial detection methods. It is still too early to define a specific GM profile of children with ASD, and future studies should focus on homogenizing the characteristics of samples and control groups. Furthermore, new multicentre studies should also focus on the impact of GM on GI physiology, neurophysiology and behaviour of children with ASD, and on performing psychometric analyses of the correlation between the severity of ASD behavioural symptoms and GM profiles.

中文翻译：

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自闭症谱系障碍儿童肠道菌群谱的一种方法。

近年来，关于肠道菌群（GM）对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的行为的影响的研究有所增加，这是由于GM的营养不良可通过ASD触发ASD的发作，发展或进展。微生物群–肠–脑轴。这项研究的目的是对过去6年中分析ASD儿童的GM与对照组的GM进行比较的文章进行系统的综述。自闭症儿童表现出较高的丰罗斯氏和念珠菌属，和丰富的低Dialister，Bilophila，韦荣球菌，链球菌，Coprococcus和普氏菌属。这些差异可归因于以下因素：不同的国籍，对照组的性质，样品的采集地点，胃肠道（GI）问题或细菌检测方法。定义ASD儿童的特定GM谱图还为时过早，未来的研究应集中于使样本和对照组的特征同质化。此外，新的多中心研究还应侧重于GM对ASD儿童的GI生理学，神经生理学和行为的影响，以及对ASD行为症状严重程度与GM概况之间的相关性进行心理分析。