Characterized as a highly valuable bioactive natural product, spinosad is a pesticide with a complex chemical structure, composed of spinosyn A and D, molecules synthesized by the actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa. The larvicidal activity of spinosad was postulated to be a promising approach to combat crop pests and control species responsible to transmit mosquito-borne illness, including Aedes aegypti. Although initially deemed as relatively safe for non-target organisms and highly effective against insects and crop pests, recent studies focused on the toxicity profile detected the occurrence of side effects in different living species. Thus, the present review was undertaken to describe the properties and characteristics of spinosad. In addition to indicating potential adverse effects on living organisms, alternative uses of the biopesticide as a mixture with different compounds are provided.

中文翻译：

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生物杀虫剂多杀菌素的性质，毒性和当前应用。

Spinosad被认为是一种具有高度价值的生物活性天然产物，是一种化学结构复杂的农药，由多杀菌素糖多孢菌（Saccharopolyspora spinosa）合成的多杀菌素A和D组成。认为多杀菌素的杀幼虫活性是一种有前途的方法，可用来防治作物病虫害和控制负责传播蚊媒疾病（包括埃及伊蚊）的物种。尽管最初被认为对非目标生物相对安全并且对昆虫和农作物害虫非常有效，但最近针对毒性概况的研究发现了在不同生物物种中发生的副作用。因此，本综述进行了描述多杀菌素的性质和特征。除了指出对生物体的潜在不利影响外，