Self-regulation processes assume a major role in health behaviour theory and are postulated as important mechanisms of action in behavioural interventions to improve health prevention and management. The need to better understand mechanisms of behaviour change interventions for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) called for conducting a meta-review of meta-analyses for interventions targeting self-regulation processes. The protocol, preregistered on Open Science Framework (OSF), found 15 eligible meta-analyses, published between 2006 and August 2019, which quantitatively assessed the role of self-regulatory mechanisms and behaviour change techniques (BCTs). Quality of the meta-analyses varied widely according to AMSTAR-2 criteria. Several BCTs, assumed to engage self-regulatory mechanisms, were unevenly represented in CVD meta-analytic reviews. Self-monitoring, the most frequently studied self-regulatory BCT, seemed to improve health behaviour change and health outcomes but these results merit cautious interpretation. Findings for other self-regulatory BCTs were less promising. No studies in the CVD domain directly tested engagement of self-regulation processes. A general challenge for this area stems from reliance on post-hoc tests of the effects of BCTs in multiple-component interventions. Recent advances in BCT taxonomies and the experimental medicine approach to engaging self-regulation mechanisms, however, provide opportunities to improve CVD prevention and management behavioural interventions.

中文翻译：

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心血管疾病预防和管理中的健康行为改变：对影响自我调节的行为改变技术进行元回顾。

自我调节过程在健康行为理论中起着主要作用，并被认为是在行为干预中改善健康预防和管理的重要作用机制。需要更好地了解针对心血管疾病（CVD）的行为改变干预措施的机制，这要求对针对自我调节过程的干预措施进行荟萃分析的荟萃审查。该协议是在开放科学框架（OSF）上预先注册的，发现了15项符合条件的荟萃分析，于2006年至2019年8月之间发布，该分析定量评估了自我调节机制和行为改变技术（BCT）的作用。根据AMSTAR-2标准，荟萃分析的质量差异很大。几种假定参与自我调节机制的BCT在CVD荟萃分析的综述中代表不一。自我监测是最常研究的自我调节BCT，似乎可以改善健康行为改变和健康结果，但这些结果值得谨慎地解释。其他自我调节型BCT的发现前景较差。CVD领域没有研究直接测试自我调节过程的参与。该领域的一个普遍挑战来自对多组分干预措施中BCT效果的事后检验的依赖。但是，BCT分类法和采用实验医学方法来参与自我调节机制的最新进展为改善CVD预防和管理行为干预提供了机会。其他自我调节型BCT的发现前景较差。CVD领域没有研究直接测试自我调节过程的参与。该领域的一个普遍挑战来自对多组分干预措施中BCT效果的事后检验的依赖。但是，BCT分类法和采用实验医学方法来参与自我调节机制的最新进展为改善CVD预防和管理行为干预提供了机会。其他自我调节型BCT的发现前景较差。CVD领域没有研究直接测试自我调节过程的参与。该领域的一个普遍挑战来自对多组分干预措施中BCT效果的事后检验的依赖。但是，BCT分类法和采用实验医学方法来参与自我调节机制的最新进展为改善CVD预防和管理行为干预提供了机会。