Effective diagnosis and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis, together with the study of vectors and reservoirs, can lead to a better understanding of the parasite transmission dynamics and the development of more efficient control measures. Recent studies have applied new methodologies and biomarkers, and these have contributed to the early and rapid diagnosis of the disease; assessment of success of pharmacological treatments; efficient monitoring of immunosuppressed individuals; and to population screening for field trials of vaccine efficacy. This opinion article proposes an update to the diagnostic tools for visceral leishmaniasis and their rational and combined use to establish the real prevalence of infection or of exposure to Leishmania in endemic areas.

中文翻译：

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控制内脏利什曼病的新策略和生物标志物。

对内脏利什曼病的有效诊断和治疗，以及对病媒和水库的研究，可以使人们更好地了解寄生虫的传播动态，并开发出更有效的控制措施。最近的研究已经应用了新的方法学和生物标记物，这些有助于疾病的早期和快速诊断。药物治疗成功评估；有效监测免疫抑制的个体；并进行人群筛选以进行疫苗功效的现场试验。这篇意见文章提出了一种内脏利什曼病诊断工具的更新，以及它们的合理和组合使用，以确定流行地区真正的感染或暴露于利什曼原虫的患病率。