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The risk of distant metastases in rectal cancer managed by a watch-and-wait strategy – A systematic review and meta-analysis
Radiotherapy and Oncology ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.10.009
Joanna Socha 1 , Lucyna Kępka 2 , Wojciech Michalski 3 , Karol Paciorek 4 , Krzysztof Bujko 4
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND The watch-and-wait (w&w) strategy is associated with frequent local regrowth (LR). Distant metastases (DM) occur more often in the patients with LR than in those without. However, it is unknown whether omitting immediate surgery results in the additional risk of DM. MATERIALS/METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the maximum risk of additional DM. To estimate this, we used data showing the proportions of DM in patients with and without LR, assuming that the excess DM in patients with LR may develop in two ways: from subclinical DM already present at baseline and due to seeding from the uncontrolled primary tumor, and that the incidence of subclinical DM at baseline in the LR subgroup is at least not lower than in the non-LR subgroup. Based on the calculated rate of excess DM in the LR subgroup we have obtained the rate for the whole group of patients undergoing w&w. RESULTS The maximum estimated risk of additional DM was 3.0% (95% CI: 1.2-4.9%) in the total group. After correction for short follow-up, the maximum risk at 5 years was 6.5%. Thus, the risk of excess DM is between 0% and 6.5%. Other evidence from a systematic review and the conservative assumptions taken for the calculation of the correction suggest that this maximum risk may be overestimated. CONCLUSIONS The additional risk of DM seems to be low. However, the high probability of bias, heterogeneity of the patients' population and low quality of evidence make our estimation uncertain.

中文翻译:

通过观察等待策略管理的直肠癌远处转移的风险——系统评价和荟萃分析

背景观察等待(w&w)策略与频繁的局部再生(LR)相关联。LR 患者的远处转移 (DM) 发生率高于非 LR 患者。然而,不知道省略立即手术是否会导致 DM 的额外风险。材料/方法 进行了系统评价和荟萃分析以确定额外 DM 的最大风险。为了估计这一点,我们使用了显示 LR 患者和非 LR 患者 DM 比例的数据,假设 LR 患者的过量 DM 可能以两种方式发展:来自基线时已经存在的亚临床 DM 以及来自不受控制的原发肿瘤的播散,并且 LR 亚组基线时亚临床 DM 的发生率至少不低于非 LR 亚组。根据计算出的 LR 亚组中过量 DM 的比率,我们获得了整组接受 w&w 的患者的比率。结果 在整个组中,额外 DM 的最大估计风险为 3.0%(95% CI:1.2-4.9%)。短期随访校正后,5 年的最大风险为 6.5%。因此,过度 DM 的风险在 0% 到 6.5% 之间。来自系统评价的其他证据和为计算修正而采取的保守假设表明,这一最大风险可能被高估了。结论 DM 的额外风险似乎很低。然而,偏倚概率高、患者人群异质性和证据质量低使我们的估计不确定。结果 在整个组中,额外 DM 的最大估计风险为 3.0%(95% CI:1.2-4.9%)。短期随访校正后,5 年的最大风险为 6.5%。因此,过度 DM 的风险在 0% 到 6.5% 之间。来自系统评价的其他证据和为计算修正而采取的保守假设表明,这一最大风险可能被高估了。结论 DM 的额外风险似乎很低。然而,偏倚概率高、患者人群的异质性和证据质量低使我们的估计不确定。结果 在整个组中,额外 DM 的最大估计风险为 3.0%(95% CI:1.2-4.9%)。短期随访校正后,5 年的最大风险为 6.5%。因此,过度 DM 的风险在 0% 到 6.5% 之间。来自系统评价的其他证据和为计算修正而采取的保守假设表明,这一最大风险可能被高估了。结论 DM 的额外风险似乎很低。然而,偏倚概率高、患者人群异质性和证据质量低使我们的估计不确定。来自系统评价的其他证据和为计算修正而采取的保守假设表明,这一最大风险可能被高估了。结论 DM 的额外风险似乎很低。然而,偏倚概率高、患者人群异质性和证据质量低使我们的估计不确定。来自系统评价的其他证据和为计算修正而采取的保守假设表明,这一最大风险可能被高估了。结论 DM 的额外风险似乎很低。然而,偏倚概率高、患者人群异质性和证据质量低使我们的估计不确定。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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