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Osmoionic homeostasis in bivalve mollusks from different osmotic niches: Physiological patterns and evolutionary perspectives.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110582
Isadora Porto Martins Medeiros 1 , Samuel Coelho Faria 2 , Marta Marques Souza 3
Affiliation  

Physiological knowledge gained from questions focused on the challenges faced and strategies recruited by organisms in their habitats assumes fundamental importance about understanding the ability to survive when subjected to unfavorable situations. In the aquatic environment, salinity is particularly recognized as one of the main abiotic factors that affects the physiology of organisms. Although the physiological patterns and challenges imposed by each occupied environment are distinct, they tend to converge to osmotic oscillations. From a comparative perspective, we aimed to characterize the osmoregulatory patterns of the bivalve mollusks Corbicula largillierti (purple Asian cockle), Erodona mactroides (lagoon cockle), and Amarilladesma mactroides (white clam) - inhabitants of different osmotic niches - when submitted to hypo- and/or hyperosmotic salinity variations. We determined the hemolymph osmotic and ionic concentrations, tissue hydration, and the intracellular isosmotic regulation (IIR) from the use of osmolytes (organic and inorganic) after exposure to species-specific salinity intervals. Additionally, we incorporated phylogenetic perspectives to infer and even broaden the understanding about the patterns that comprise the osmoionic physiology of Bivalvia representatives. According to the variables analyzed in the hemolymph, the three species presented a pattern of osmoconformation. Furthermore, both ionic regulation and conformation patterns were observed in freshwater, estuarine, and marine species. The patterns verified experimentally show greater use of inorganic osmolytes compared to the participation of organic molecules, which varied according to the osmotic niche occupied in the IIR for the mantle, adductor muscle, and gills. This finding widens the classic vision about the preferential use of certain osmolytes by animals from distinct niches. Our phylogenetic perspective also indicates that environmental salinity drives physiological trait variations, including hemolymph osmolality and the ion composition of the extracellular fluid (sodium, chloride, magnesium, and calcium). We also highlight the important role played by the shared ancestry, which influences the interspecific variability of the hemolymph K+ in selected representatives of Bivalvia.

中文翻译:

来自不同渗透位的双壳软体动物的渗透压稳态:生理模式和进化观点。

从专注于所面临的挑战和生物体在其栖息地所采用的策略的问题中获得的生理知识,对于理解处于不利状况下的生存能力具有根本的重要性。在水生环境中,盐度尤其被认为是影响生物体生理的主要非生物因素之一。尽管每个占用环境所施加的生理模式和挑战是截然不同的,但它们趋向于趋于渗透振荡。从比较的角度来看,我们旨在表征双壳软体动物Corbicula largillierti(亚洲蛤),Erodona mactroides(泻湖蛤),和Amarilladesma mactroides(白蛤)-不同渗透性生态位的居民-受到低渗和/或高渗盐度变化的影响。我们通过暴露于特定物种的盐度区间后,通过使用渗透压(有机和无机)确定了血淋巴渗透压和离子浓度,组织水合作用以及细胞内渗透压调节(IIR)。此外,我们结合了系统发生学的观点,以推断甚至拓宽了对构成双壳纲代表的渗透离子生理学模式的理解。根据血淋巴中分析的变量,这三个物种呈现出渗透构象模式。此外,在淡水,河口和海洋物种中均观察到离子调节和构象模式。通过实验验证的模式显示,与有机分子的参与相比,无机渗透剂的使用更多,有机分子的参与会根据IIR中地幔,内收肌和g所占据的渗透位而变化。这一发现拓宽了关于来自不同生态位的动物优先使用某些渗透压的经典观点。我们的系统发育观点还表​​明,环境盐分会驱动生理特征变化,包括血淋巴重量摩尔渗透压浓度和细胞外液(钠,氯化物,镁和钙)的离子组成。我们还强调了共同祖先所发挥的重要作用,它影响了双壳纲的选定代表中血淋巴K +的种间变异性。根据IIR中地幔,内收肌和g的渗透位而变化。这一发现拓宽了关于来自不同生态位的动物优先使用某些渗透压的经典观点。我们的系统发育观点还表​​明,环境盐分会驱动生理特征变化,包括血淋巴重量摩尔渗透压浓度和细胞外液(钠,氯化物,镁和钙)的离子组成。我们还强调了共同祖先所发挥的重要作用,它影响了双壳纲的选定代表中血淋巴K +的种间变异性。根据IIR中地幔,内收肌和g的渗透位而变化。这一发现拓宽了关于来自不同生态位的动物优先使用某些渗透压的经典观点。我们的系统发育观点还表​​明,环境盐分会驱动生理特征变化,包括血淋巴重量摩尔渗透压浓度和细胞外液(钠,氯化物,镁和钙)的离子组成。我们还强调了共同祖先所发挥的重要作用,它影响了双壳纲的选定代表中血淋巴K +的种间变异性。我们的系统发育观点还表​​明,环境盐分会驱动生理特征变化,包括血淋巴重量摩尔渗透压浓度和细胞外液(钠,氯化物,镁和钙)的离子组成。我们还强调了共同祖先所发挥的重要作用,它影响了双壳纲的选定代表中血淋巴K +的种间变异性。我们的系统发育观点还表​​明,环境盐分会驱动生理特征变化,包括血淋巴重量摩尔渗透压浓度和细胞外液(钠,氯化物,镁和钙)的离子组成。我们还强调了共同祖先所发挥的重要作用,它影响了双壳纲的选定代表中血淋巴K +的种间变异性。
更新日期:2019-11-08
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