当前位置: X-MOL 学术JAMA › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Association of Baclofen With Encephalopathy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
JAMA ( IF 63.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-26 , DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.17725
Flory T Muanda 1, 2 , Matthew A Weir 1, 2, 3 , Lavanya Bathini 1, 3 , Peter G Blake 3 , Kianna Chauvin 3 , Stephanie N Dixon 1, 2 , Eric McArthur 1 , Jessica M Sontrop 3 , Louise Moist 2, 3 , Amit X Garg 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Importance At least 30 case reports have linked the muscle relaxant baclofen to encephalopathy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective To compare the 30-day risk of encephalopathy in patients with CKD and newly prescribed baclofen at greater than or equal to 20 mg per day vs less than 20 mg per day. The secondary objective was to compare the risk of encephalopathy in baclofen users vs nonusers. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada (2007-2018) using linked health care data. Participants comprised 15 942 older adults (aged 66 years or older) with CKD (defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 but not receiving dialysis). The primary cohort was restricted to patients who were newly prescribed baclofen; participants in the secondary cohort were new users and nonusers. Exposures Prescription for oral baclofen greater than or equal to 20 mg per day vs less than 20 mg per day. Main Outcomes and Measures Hospital admission with encephalopathy, defined as a main diagnosis of delirium, disorientation, transient alteration of awareness, transient cerebral ischemic attack, or unspecified dementia within 30 days of starting baclofen. Inverse probability of treatment weighting on the propensity score was used to balance comparison groups on indicators of baseline health. Weighted risk ratios (RRs) were obtained using modified Poisson regression and weighted risk differences (RDs) using binomial regression. Prespecified subgroup analyses were conducted by eGFR category. Results The primary cohort comprised 15 942 patients with CKD (9699 [61%] women; median age, 77 years [interquartile range, 71-82]; 9707 [61%] patients started baclofen at ≥20 mg/d and 6235 [39%] at <20 mg/d). The primary outcome, hospitalization with encephalopathy, occurred in 108/9707 (1.11%) patients who started baclofen at greater than or equal to 20 mg per day and in 26/6235 (0.42%) who started baclofen at less than 20 mg per day; weighted RR, 3.54 (95% CI, 2.24 to 5.59); weighted RD, 0.80% (95% CI, 0.55% to 1.04%). In subgroup analysis, the absolute risk increased progressively at lower eGFR (weighted RD eGFR 45-59, 0.42% [95% CI, 0.19%-0.64%]; eGFR 30-44, 1.23% [95% CI, 0.62%-1.84%]; eGFR <30, 2.90% [95% CI, 1.30%-4.49%]; P for interaction, <.001]). In the secondary comparison with 284 263 nonusers, both groups of baclofen users had a higher risk of encephalopathy (<20 mg/d weighted RR, 5.90 [95% CI, 3.59 to 9.70] and ≥20 mg/d weighted RR, 19.8 [95% CI, 14.0 to 28.0]). Conclusions and Relevance Among older patients with CKD who were newly prescribed baclofen, the 30-day incidence of encephalopathy was increased among those prescribed higher doses compared with lower doses. If verified, these risks should be balanced against the benefits of baclofen use.

中文翻译:

巴氯芬与慢性肾病患者脑病的关系

重要性 至少有 30 例病例报告将肌肉松弛剂巴氯芬与慢性肾病 (CKD) 患者的脑病联系起来。目的比较 CKD 患者和新处方巴氯芬每天大于或等于 20 mg 与每天小于 20 mg 的 30 天脑病风险。次要目标是比较巴氯芬使用者与非使用者的脑病风险。设计、设置和参与者在加拿大安大略省(2007-2018 年)使用关联的医疗保健数据进行的基于人群的回顾性队列研究。参与者包括 15942 名患有 CKD(定义为估计的肾小球滤过率 [eGFR] <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 但未接受透析)的老年人(66 岁或以上)。主要队列仅限于新开具巴氯芬处方的患者;次要队列的参与者是新用户和非用户。暴露处方口服巴氯芬大于或等于每天 20 毫克与每天少于 20 毫克。主要结果和措施 因脑病入院,定义为在开始使用巴氯芬后 30 天内主要诊断为谵妄、定向障碍、短暂的意识改变、短暂的脑缺血发作或未指明的痴呆。使用倾向得分上的治疗加权逆概率来平衡比较组的基线健康指标。加权风险比 (RRs) 使用修正泊松回归和加权风险差异 (RDs) 使用二项式回归。预先指定的亚组分析按 eGFR 类别进行。结果 主要队列包括 15942 名 CKD 患者(9699 名 [61%] 女性;中位年龄,77 岁 [四分位距,71-82];9707 名 [61%] 患者以 ≥20 mg/d 开始使用巴氯芬,6235 [39%] 名患者以 <20 mg/d 开始使用)。108/9707 (1.11%) 名患者开始使用大于或等于 20 毫克/天的巴氯芬和 26/6235 (0.42%) 名患者开始使用少于 20 毫克/天的巴氯芬,主要结局为脑病住院; 加权 RR,3.54(95% CI,2.24 至 5.59);加权 RD,0.80%(95% CI,0.55% 至 1.04%)。在亚组分析中,绝对风险在 eGFR 较低时逐渐增加(加权 RD eGFR 45-59, 0.42% [95% CI, 0.19%-0.64%];eGFR 30-44, 1.23% [95% CI, 0.62%-1.84 %];eGFR <30, 2.90% [95% CI, 1.30%-4.49%];P 表示交互作用,<.001])。在与 284 263 名非使用者的二次比较中,两组巴氯芬使用者的脑病风险均较高(<20 mg/d 加权 RR,5.90 [95% CI,3. 59 至 9.70] 和 ≥20 mg/d 加权 RR,19.8 [95% CI,14.0 至 28.0])。结论和相关性 在新处方巴氯芬的老年 CKD 患者中,与低剂量相比,高剂量组的 30 天脑病发病率增加。如果得到证实,这些风险应与使用巴氯芬的益处相平衡。
更新日期:2019-11-26
down
wechat
bug