BACKGROUND There are large individual differences in dealing with everyday social stress. Therefore, we investigated the association of social inhibition (and its facets) with the emotional and physiological responses to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). METHODS Undergraduate students (N = 312) completed the 15-item Social Inhibition Questionnaire (SIQ15) and participated in the TSST, while emotional and cardiovascular stress responses were recorded. We examined the effect of social inhibition across time with repeated-measures ANCOVAs. FINDINGS During social stress (and recovery), social inhibition was associated with increased negative mood reactivity (especially the behavioral inhibition facet) and heightened sympathetic activation (especially the social withdrawal and interpersonal sensitivity). Physiological stress reactivity seems to be mostly α-adrenergic in women, and also β-adrenergic in men. CONCLUSIONS Emotional and physiological stress responses are associated with individual differences in social inhibition. This warrants more research on mechanisms that underlie the relations between social inhibition, stress and health.

中文翻译：

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社会抑制的年轻人对评估压力的生理和情绪反应

背景技术在应对日常社会压力方面存在很大的个体差异。因此，我们调查了社会抑制（及其方面）与对特里尔社会压力测试 (TSST) 的情绪和生理反应的关联。方法 本科生 (N = 312) 完成 15 项社会抑制问卷 (SIQ15) 并参加 TSST，同时记录情绪和心血管压力反应。我们用重复测量的 ANCOVA 检验了社会抑制随时间变化的影响。发现在社会压力（和恢复）期间，社会抑制与消极情绪反应的增加（尤其是行为抑制方面）和交感神经激活（尤其是社交退缩和人际敏感性）增加有关。生理应激反应在女性中似乎主要是 α-肾上腺素能，在男性中也主要是 β-肾上腺素能。结论 情绪和生理应激反应与社会抑制的个体差异有关。这需要对构成社会抑制、压力和健康之间关系的机制进行更多研究。