Severe neutropenia remains among the most common complications associated with hematological diseases and their treatment, especially in the early poststem cell transplantation. Managing life-threatening infections associated with prolonged and profound neutropenia thus remains an essential component for the optimal care of patients undergoing transplant. Several therapeutic interventions have been attempted either to limit the duration of neutropenia through granulocyte colony stimulating factors (GCSF), or to treat associated infections through the use of granulocyte transfusions. The efficacy and safety of granulocyte transfusions have been controversial, and the conflicting results reported by several trials can be explained by the significant variability related to patient selection, timing of initiation, and duration of transfusions, preparation methods among multiple others. We herein report a case of life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis post haploidentical stem cell transplant, responding to the combination of antibiotics and daily transfusions of non-irradiated GCSF stimulated leukocytes from healthy donors without surgical intervention. We also provide a concise review of the available literature regarding the use of this intervention, its efficacy and safety and comparison of irradiated with non-irradiated transfusions.

严重的中性粒细胞减少症仍然是与血液病及其治疗相关的最常见并发症之一，尤其是在干细胞移植后的早期。因此，管理与长期和严重的中性粒细胞减少症相关的危及生命的感染仍然是为接受移植的患者提供最佳护理的重要组成部分。已经尝试了几种治疗干预措施，要么通过粒细胞集落刺激因子 (GCSF) 限制中性粒细胞减少症的持续时间，要么通过使用粒细胞输注来治疗相关感染。粒细胞输注的有效性和安全性一直存在争议，几项试验报告的相互矛盾的结果可以解释为与患者选择、开始时间和输血持续时间相关的显着差异，制备方法等。我们在此报告了一例在半相合干细胞移植后危及生命的坏死性筋膜炎病例，对抗生素的组合和每日输注来自健康供体的未经照射的 GCSF 刺激的白细胞作出反应，无需手术干预。我们还简要回顾了有关该干预措施的使用、其有效性和安全性以及辐照与非辐照输血的比较的现有文献。