Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily serve as master regulators in signaling by either positively or negatively regulating gene expression. Accumulating evidence has suggested that nuclear receptors are actively involved in immune responses, with specific roles in different immune cell compartments that contribute to both normal function and to disease development. The druggable properties of nuclear receptors have made them ideal modulatory therapeutic targets. Here, we revisit nuclear receptor biology, summarize recent advances in our understanding of the immunological functions of nuclear receptors, describe cell-type-specific roles and specific nuclear receptors in disease pathogenesis, and explore their potential as novel therapeutic targets. These nuclear receptor-dependent alterations in the immune system are amenable to pharmacological manipulation and suggest novel therapeutic strategies.

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核受体的免疫调节功能：机制和治疗意义

核受体超家族的成员通过正向或负向调节基因表达作为信号传导的主要调节因子。越来越多的证据表明，核受体积极参与免疫反应，在不同的免疫细胞区室中发挥特定作用，有助于正常功能和疾病发展。核受体的药物特性使其成为理想的调节治疗靶点。在这里，我们重新审视核受体生物学，总结我们对核受体免疫学功能理解的最新进展，描述细胞类型特异性作用和特定核受体在疾病发病机制中的作用，并探索它们作为新治疗靶点的潜力。