Recent rapid progress in time domain surveys makes it possible to detect various types of explosive transients in the Universe in large numbers, some of which will be gravitationally lensed into multiple images. Although a large number of strongly lensed distant galaxies and quasars have already been discovered, strong lensing of explosive transients opens up new applications, including improved measurements of cosmological parameters, powerful probes of small scale structure of the Universe, and new observational tests of dark matter scenarios, thanks to their rapidly evolving light curves as well as their compact sizes. In particular, compact sizes of emitting regions of these transient events indicate that wave optics effects play an important role in some cases, which can lead to totally new applications of these lensing events. Recently we have witnessed first discoveries of strongly lensed supernovae, and strong lensing events of other types of explosive transients such as gamma-ray bursts, fast radio bursts, and gravitational waves from compact binary mergers are expected to be observed soon. In this review article, we summarize the current state of research on strong gravitational lensing of explosive transients and discuss future prospects.

中文翻译：

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爆炸瞬变的强引力透镜

最近时域调查的快速进展使得大量检测宇宙中各种类型的爆炸性瞬变成为可能，其中一些将被引力透镜化成多幅图像。尽管已经发现了大量具有强透镜作用的遥远星系和类星体，但爆炸性瞬变的强透镜作用开辟了新的应用，包括改进宇宙学参数的测量、宇宙小尺度结构的强大探测器以及暗物质的新观测测试场景，这要归功于它们快速发展的光变曲线以及紧凑的尺寸。特别是，这些瞬态事件发射区域的紧凑尺寸表明波动光学效应在某些情况下起着重要作用，这可能导致这些透镜事件的全新应用。最近，我们目睹了强透镜超新星的首次发现，预计不久将观察到其他类型爆炸性瞬变的强透镜事件，如伽马射线暴、快速射电暴和来自致密双星并合的引力波。在这篇评论文章中，我们总结了爆炸瞬变强引力透镜的研究现状，并讨论了未来的前景。