The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function.

中文翻译：

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啮齿动物视神经损伤后硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖的时空分布

中枢神经系统（CNS）急性损伤后，神经胶质瘢痕中硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖（CSPG）的积累限制了受伤轴突的再生。鉴于CSPG核心蛋白的丰富多样性和GAG硫酸化的模式，确定这些CSPG的组成对于了解其在损伤和修复中的作用至关重要。已经在小鼠和大鼠的脑和脊髓中表征了核心蛋白的差异表达和硫酸化模式，但是尚未对视神经损伤后的这些变化进行全面研究。在这里，我们表明，在小鼠和大鼠的视神经挤压（ONC）后，视神经和视网膜中CSPG的组成表现出聚集蛋白聚糖，布雷维坎，磷酰胺，神经胶和versican的增加，类似于脊髓损伤后的变化。