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Local adaptation along a sharp rainfall gradient occurs in a native Patagonian grass, Festuca pallescens, regardless of extensive gene flow
Environmental and Experimental Botany ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103933
Aldana S. López , Dardo R. López , Gonzalo Caballé , Guillermo L. Siffredi , Paula Marchelli

Abstract Increasing global aridity combined with changing environmental conditions might cause irreparable alterations in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Knowledge of within-species genetic diversity and adaptive responses, especially along climatic gradients, becomes critical to inform management, conservation and restoration efforts. We combine the analysis of neutral (microsatellites) and adaptive divergence (morphological traits in common garden experiments) between populations along a sharp precipitation gradient in the native Patagonian grass Festuca pallescens, to disentangle patterns of local adaptation and genetic diversity. The identification of genetically based traits under divergent selection denoted the existence of local adaptation in spite of extensive gene flow. Two plant growth patterns were detected associated with two ecological regions. In arid environments, a trade-off between not resigning foliage production, and reducing the exposure to drying agents resulted in a compacted plant architecture; while in dry-sub humid environments, populations exhibited a wide architecture to cope with rainfall and radiation interception. Increasing aridity and grazing might favor a compact plant architecture, and fragmentation might reduce genetic diversity across these environments. Being a widely distributed species, F. pallescens is an excellent model species to study adaptive responses across environmental gradients facing climate change predictions, especially in dryland rangelands that maintain multiple ecosystem functions.

中文翻译:

无论广泛的基因流如何,都会在本地巴塔哥尼亚草(Festuca pallescens)中沿着陡峭的降雨梯度进行局部适应

摘要 全球干旱加剧加上环境条件的变化可能会导致干旱和半干旱生态系统发生不可挽回的变化。物种内遗传多样性和适应性反应的知识,尤其是沿气候梯度的知识,对于为管理、保护和恢复工作提供信息至关重要。我们结合了对原生巴塔哥尼亚草 Festuca pallescens 中种群之间的中性(微卫星)和适应性差异(普通花园实验中的形态特征)和适应性差异(常见花园实验中的形态特征)的分析,以解开局部适应和遗传多样性的模式。尽管存在广泛的基因流动,但在不同选择下鉴定基于遗传的性状表明存在局部适应性。检测到与两个生态区域相关的两种植物生长模式。在干旱环境中,不放弃叶子生产和减少接触干燥剂之间的权衡导致植物结构紧凑;而在半干湿环境中,种群表现出广泛的结构来应对降雨和辐射拦截。增加干旱和放牧可能有利于紧凑的植物结构,而碎片化可能会降低这些环境中的遗传多样性。作为一种分布广泛的物种,F. pallescens 是研究跨环境梯度面临气候变化预测的适应性反应的优秀模型物种,尤其是在维持多种生态系统功能的旱地牧场。减少与干燥剂的接触导致工厂结构紧凑;而在半干湿环境中,种群表现出广泛的结构来应对降雨和辐射拦截。增加干旱和放牧可能有利于紧凑的植物结构,而碎片化可能会降低这些环境中的遗传多样性。作为一种分布广泛的物种,F. pallescens 是研究跨环境梯度面临气候变化预测的适应性反应的优秀模型物种,尤其是在维持多种生态系统功能的旱地牧场。减少与干燥剂的接触导致工厂结构紧凑;而在干燥半湿润的环境中,人口表现出广泛的结构来应对降雨和辐射拦截。增加干旱和放牧可能有利于紧凑的植物结构,而碎片化可能会降低这些环境中的遗传多样性。作为一种分布广泛的物种,F. pallescens 是研究气候变化预测中跨环境梯度的适应性响应的优秀模型物种,尤其是在维持多种生态系统功能的旱地牧场。增加干旱和放牧可能有利于紧凑的植物结构,而碎片化可能会降低这些环境中的遗传多样性。作为一种分布广泛的物种,F. pallescens 是研究跨环境梯度面临气候变化预测的适应性反应的优秀模型物种,尤其是在维持多种生态系统功能的旱地牧场。增加干旱和放牧可能有利于紧凑的植物结构,而碎片化可能会降低这些环境中的遗传多样性。作为一种分布广泛的物种,F. pallescens 是研究跨环境梯度面临气候变化预测的适应性反应的优秀模型物种,尤其是在维持多种生态系统功能的旱地牧场。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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