Conflicts of interests between males and females over reproduction is a universal feature of sexually reproducing organisms and has driven the evolution of intersexual mimicry, mating behaviours and reproductive polymorphisms. Here, we show how temperature drives pre-reproductive selection in a female colour polymorphic insect that is subject to strong sexual conflict. These species have three female colour morphs, one of which is a male mimic. This polymorphism is maintained by frequency-dependent sexual conflict caused by male mating harassment. The frequency of female morphs varies geographically, with higher frequency of the male mimic at higher latitudes. We show that differential temperature sensitivity of the female morphs and faster sexual maturation of the male mimic increases the frequency of this morph in the north. These results suggest that sexual conflict during the adult stage is shaped by abiotic factors and frequency-independent pre-reproductive selection that operate earlier during ontogeny of these female morphs.

中文翻译：

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温度驱动着生殖前的选择，并塑造了女性多态性的生物地理学。

男性和女性之间在生殖方面的利益冲突是有性生殖生物的普遍特征，并推动了两性模仿，配偶行为和生殖多态性的发展。在这里，我们展示了温度如何驱动遭受强烈性冲突的雌性多态昆虫的繁殖前选择。这些物种具有三种雌性颜色变体，其中一种是雄性模仿物。这种多态性是由男性交配骚扰引起的频率依赖性性冲突维持的。女性形态发生的频率在地理位置上有所不同，在较高纬度地区，男性形态发生的频率更高。我们表明，雌性变体的温度敏感性不同，雄性拟态的性成熟更快，在北部增加了这种变体的频率。