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Structures of fibrils formed by α-synuclein hereditary disease mutant H50Q reveal new polymorphs.
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology ( IF 12.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-06 , DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0322-y
David R Boyer 1 , Binsen Li 2 , Chuanqi Sun 2 , Weijia Fan 2 , Michael R Sawaya 1 , Lin Jiang 2 , David S Eisenberg 1
Affiliation  

Deposits of amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein are the histological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy, with hereditary mutations in α-synuclein linked to the first two of these conditions. Seeing the changes to the structures of amyloid fibrils bearing these mutations may help to understand these diseases. To this end, we determined the cryo-EM structures of α-synuclein fibrils containing the H50Q hereditary mutation. We find that the H50Q mutation results in two previously unobserved polymorphs of α-synuclein: narrow and wide fibrils, formed from either one or two protofilaments, respectively. These structures recapitulate conserved features of the wild-type fold but reveal new structural elements, including a previously unobserved hydrogen-bond network and surprising new protofilament arrangements. The structures of the H50Q polymorphs help to rationalize the faster aggregation kinetics, higher seeding capacity in biosensor cells and greater cytotoxicity that we observe for H50Q compared to wild-type α-synuclein.

中文翻译:

由 α-突触核蛋白遗传性疾病突变体 H50Q 形成的原纤维结构揭示了新的多晶型。

α-突触核蛋白淀粉样蛋白原纤维的沉积是帕金森病、路易体痴呆和多系统萎缩的组织学标志,α-突触核蛋白的遗传性突变与前两种情况有关。观察带有这些突变的淀粉样蛋白原纤维结构的变化可能有助于了解这些疾病。为此,我们确定了含有 H50Q 遗传突变的 α-突触核蛋白原纤维的冷冻电镜结构。我们发现 H50Q 突变导致了两种以前未观察到的 α-突触核蛋白多晶型物:分别由一根或两根原丝形成的窄原纤维和宽原纤维。这些结构概括了野生型折叠的保守特征,但揭示了新的结构元素,包括以前未观察到的氢键网络和令人惊讶的新原丝排列。与野生型 α-突触核蛋白相比,我们观察到的 H50Q 多晶型物的结构有助于合理化更快的聚集动力学、生物传感器细胞中更高的播种能力和更大的细胞毒性。
更新日期:2019-11-06
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