Relativistic electron diffraction depends on linear and quadratic terms in the electric potential, the latter being neglected in the frequently used relativistically corrected Schrödinger equation. The quadratic electric potential term modifies atomic scattering amplitudes in particular for large-angle scattering and backscattering. The respective correction increases with increasing scattering angle, increasing atomic number and increasing kinetic energy. Conventional tabulations for electron scattering and its large-angle extrapolations can be amended in closed form by a universal correction based on the screened Coulomb potential squared.

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高能电子衍射原子散射因子的相对论校正

相对论电子衍射取决于电势中的线性项和二次项，后者在常用的相对论校正薛定谔方程中被忽略。二次电势项修改原子散射振幅，特别是对于大角度散射和反向散射。相应的校正随着散射角的增加、原子序数的增加和动能的增加而增加。电子散射及其大角度外推的传统表格可以通过基于屏蔽库仑势平方的通用校正以封闭形式进行修正。