Abstract The key challenge for transdisciplinary research aiming to integrate social and scientific knowledge is to produce societal and scientific impacts at the same time. Participatory modelling is a method that uses models in three ways: as a means to generate knowledge, to achieve knowledge integration and to enable societal impact. Agent-based modelling is a computer simulation technique that allows for simulating different actors as agents, the socioeconomic and natural environment they are embedded in, and the interactions among agents and between agents and their environment. This paper presents projects developing agent-based models of Austrian regions with single farm households as agents. The models simulate how changes in socioeconomic and political conditions affect patterns of land use, agricultural production and the socioeconomic situation within this region. Farm households and their decision-making process with its ecological, economic and social implications represent the basis of the agent-based models. We discuss how and why participatory modelling can help foster the impact potentials of transdisciplinary research and what the limitations of the different types of models are. We show that participatory modelling allows for the integration of the most relevant issues in the models and for the development of scenarios and strategies together with the stakeholders. Participatory modelling shows its strength in structuring communication on future scenarios and recommendations for action towards reaching the targets of the various groups involved in transdisciplinary research. Stakeholders can use the model for effective discussion and education processes to find sustainable pathways in agricultural development.

中文翻译：

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共同创建形式化模型：参与式建模作为跨学科研究的方法和过程及其影响潜力

摘要 旨在整合社会和科学知识的跨学科研究的主要挑战是同时产生社会和科学影响。参与式建模是一种以三种方式使用模型的方法：作为产生知识、实现知识整合和产生社会影响的手段。基于代理的建模是一种计算机模拟技术，允许将不同的参与者模拟为代理、他们所嵌入的社会经济和自然环境，以及代理之间以及代理与其环境之间的交互。本文介绍了开发奥地利地区基于代理的模型的项目，其中单个农户作为代理。这些模型模拟了社会经济和政治条件的变化如何影响土地利用模式，该地区的农业生产和社会经济状况。农户及其决策过程及其生态、经济和社会影响代表了基于代理的模型的基础。我们讨论了参与式建模如何以及为何有助于培养跨学科研究的影响潜力，以及不同类型模型的局限性是什么。我们表明，参与式建模允许将最相关的问题整合到模型中，并与利益相关者一起制定情景和策略。参与式建模显示了其在构建有关未来情景的交流以及为实现跨学科研究中涉及的各个群体的目标而采取的行动建议方面的优势。