Chlormequat chloride, a plant growth regulator, is widely applied in agriculture because it can promote sturdier growth of the crops. In this research, we found that rat embryo growth on GD11 was inhibited in vitro at 50 μg/ml but promoted in vivo at 75 mg/kg.bw by maternal oral exposure. Therefore, the concentrations of chlormequat chloride in the sera of the pregnant rats on gestation day (GD)11 were determined by a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) test to be 1.94 ± 0.023 μg/ml, 3.84 ± 0.080 μg/ml, and 7.08 ± 0.11 μg/ml, respectively, when the pregnant rats were orally exposed to chlormequat chloride at 75, 137.5, and 200 mg/kg.bw. Hence, we performed WEC tests again and confirmed that the rat embryo growth in vitro was promoted by chlormequat chloride at 5 μg/mL. The embryonic growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were increased by chlormequat chloride both in vitro and in vivo compared with the control ones. We concluded that chlormequat chloride could elevate GH and IGF-1 levels in embryos and promote embryonic growth both in vitro and in vivo.

中文翻译：

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氯化百草枯可促进大鼠胚胎生长和GH-IGF-1轴。

氯化百草枯（Chlormequat chloride）是一种植物生长调节剂，由于它可以促进农作物更坚固的生长，因此在农业中得到了广泛应用。在这项研究中，我们发现，通过母体口服暴露，GD11大鼠胚胎的生长在体外以50μg/ ml的速度被抑制，但在体内以75 mg / kg.bw的速度被促进。因此，通过高效液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS / MS）测试确定了妊娠日（GD）11的妊娠大鼠血清中的氯化氯麦草浓度为1.94±0.023μg/ ml，当将怀孕的大鼠以75、137.5和200 mg / kg.bw的剂量口服氯化氯普敏时，分别为3.84±0.080μg/ ml和7.08±0.11μg/ ml。因此，我们再次进行了WEC测试，并证实了5mg / mL的氯化氯异丙胺促进了大鼠体外胚胎的生长。与对照组相比，氯麦角氯化物在体外和体内均增加了胚胎生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）的水平。我们得出的结论是，四氯化氯可以提高胚胎中的GH和IGF-1水平，并在体外和体内促进胚胎的生长。