Abstract This work aims to investigate optimization while running a Recycled-Membrane Biofilm Reactor as a sustainable biological treatment for microcystins (MC) removal. For this purpose, coupons from an end-of-life seawater reverse osmosis (RO) membrane module were extracted and conditioned. The MC-degrading biofilm formation on this recycled membrane surface was carried out in a simulator cell on the laboratory scale to study the influence of air supply in this step. Firstly, the main results obtained in this work are related to the biofilm formation. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) demonstrated that air supply provide a higher biomass, maximum thickness and lower roughness coefficient. Secondly, the air supply also stimulated the MC removal by shortening the lag phase and increasing the MC degradation rate. Finally, the developed biofilm with air supply also was able to efficiently remove MC from two different types of polluted water, surface natural water (SNW) and synthetic reclaimed water (SRW). These results support the R-MBfR technology for treating MC-polluted water that could be used for different application, especially in nutrient-rich water. Therefore, this study addresses the lack of sustainable technologies for water treatment, while opening an alternative in sustainable solid waste management under a circular economy approach.

中文翻译：

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优化回收膜生物膜反应器 (R-MBfR) 作为去除微囊藻毒素的可持续生物处理方法

摘要 这项工作旨在研究在运行循环膜生物膜反应器作为去除微囊藻毒素 (MC) 的可持续生物处理时的优化。为此，对来自报废海水反渗透 (RO) 膜组件的试样进行了提取和调节。在实验室规模的模拟单元中，在该回收膜表面形成 MC 降解生物膜，以研究该步骤中空气供应的影响。首先，这项工作获得的主要结果与生物膜形成有关。共聚焦激光扫描显微镜 (CLSM) 表明，空气供应提供了更高的生物量、最大厚度和更低的粗糙度系数。其次，空气供应还通过缩短滞后期和增加 MC 降解率来刺激 MC 去除。最后，开发的带有空气供应的生物膜还能够有效地从两种不同类型的污水中去除 MC，即地表天然水 (SNW) 和合成再生水 (SRW)。这些结果支持用于处理 MC 污染水的 R-MBfR 技术，该技术可用于不同的应用，尤其是在富含营养的水中。因此，本研究解决了缺乏可持续水处理技术的问题，同时在循环经济方法下开辟了可持续固体废物管理的替代方案。