To prevent postoperative complications, there has been a substantial interest in designing syringe-injectable hydrogels. To date, cryogels remain the only viable option for preformed and large-scale hydrogels to be delivered through a conventional needle–syringe injection. Cryogels, a type of hydrogel with exceptional features, are fabricated at subzero temperatures. This process typically results in a biomaterial with a unique macroporous network, shape-memory properties, and exceptional flexibility allowing syringe injectability. These advanced biomaterials have been used for a number of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, and more recently, immunotherapy. This review summarizes the recent progress on the design of injectable cryogels, their current limitations, and strategies to further improve their properties for translatability into the clinic.

为了防止术后并发症，设计注射器可注射的水凝胶引起了人们的极大兴趣。迄今为止，冷冻凝胶仍然是通过常规针头针头注射递送预制和大规模水凝胶的唯一可行选择。冰冻凝胶是一种具有特殊功能的水凝胶，是在零度以下的温度下制造的。此过程通常会导致生物材料具有独特的大孔网络，形状记忆特性以及允许注射器注射的出色灵活性。这些先进的生物材料已用于许多生物医学应用，包括组织工程，药物输送以及最近的免疫疗法。这篇评论总结了注射式冷冻凝胶设计的最新进展，目前的局限性，