Chronic kidney disease affects 10% of the population with notable differences in ethnic and sex-related susceptibility to kidney injury and disease. Kidney dysfunction leads to significant morbidity and mortality and chronic disease in other organ systems. A mouse-organ-centered understanding underlies rapid progress in human disease modeling and cellular approaches to repair damaged systems. To enhance an understanding of the mammalian kidney, we combined anatomy-guided single-cell RNA sequencing of the adult male and female mouse kidney with in situ expression studies and cell lineage tracing. These studies reveal cell diversity and marked sex differences, distinct organization and cell composition of nephrons dependent on the time of nephron specification, and lineage convergence, in which contiguous functionally related cell types are specified from nephron and collecting system progenitor populations. A searchable database, Kidney Cell Explorer (https://cello.shinyapps.io/kidneycellexplorer/), enables gene-cell relationships to be viewed in the anatomical framework of the kidney.

中文翻译：

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单细胞分析揭示了小鼠肾脏的性别，谱系和区域多样性。

慢性肾脏病影响了10％的人口，在种族和性别相关的肾脏损伤和疾病易感性方面存在显着差异。肾功能不全会导致其他器官系统的明显发病率和死亡率以及慢性疾病。以小鼠器官为中心的理解是人类疾病建模和修复受损系统的细胞方法快速发展的基础。为了增强对哺乳动物肾脏的了解，我们将成年雄性和雌性小鼠肾脏的解剖学指导的单细胞RNA测序与原位表达研究和细胞谱系追踪相结合。这些研究揭示了细胞多样性和明显的性别差异，取决于肾单位规格时间的肾单位的独特组织和细胞组成以及谱系趋同，其中从肾单位和收集系统祖细胞群中确定了与功能相关的连续细胞类型。可搜索的数据库Kidney Cell Explorer（https://cello.shinyapps.io/kidneycellexplorer/）可以在肾脏的解剖结构中查看基因与细胞的关系。