The scattering of light by a surface is described by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). Unfortunately, this function cannot be straightforwardly acquired or modeled. French researchers have proposed interesting contributions to the field, with several models and accurate experimental systems. For instance, the National Metrological Institute (LNE-CNAM) has implemented the best angular resolution goniospectrophotometer (0.015°). Modeling the BRDF has also been deeply studied in France, especially with the microfacet theory in recent years, a better understanding of the shadowing-masking function, new general distribution functions, visible normals, interfaced Lambertian microfacets, and analysis concerning light multiple reflections. This paper presents the state of the art regarding some significant French contributions in these fields.

中文翻译：

---

建模，测量和使用BRDF：法国的重要贡献。

表面的光散射由双向反射率分布函数（BRDF）来描述。不幸的是，该功能不能直接获得或建模。法国研究人员提出了一些模型和精确的实验系统，对该领域做出了有趣的贡献。例如，国家计量学院（LNE-CNAM）实施了最佳的角分辨率测角分光光度计（0.015°）。在法国，对BRDF的建模也进行了深入研究，尤其是近年来使用微面理论，对阴影掩盖功能，新的一般分布函数，可见法线，界面朗伯微面以及对光多次反射的分析有了更好的理解。