Tissue engineering of skeletal muscle aims to replicate the parallel alignment of myotubes on the native tissue. Directional topography gradients allow the study of the influence of topography on cellular orientation, proliferation, and differentiation, resulting in yield cues and clues to develop a proper in vitro environment for muscle tissue engineering. In this study, we used a polydimethylsiloxane-based substrate containing an aligned topography gradient with sinusoidal features ranging from wavelength (λ) = 1,520 nm and amplitude (A) =176 nm to λ = 9,934 nm and A = 2,168 nm. With this topography gradient, we evaluated the effect of topography on human myoblasts distribution, dominant orientation, cell area, nuclei coverage, cell area per number of nuclei, and nuclei area of myotubes. We showed that human myoblasts aligned and differentiated irrespective of the topography section. In addition, aligned human myotubes showed functionality and maturity by contracting spontaneously and nuclei peripheral organization resembling natural myotubes.

中文翻译：

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定向地形梯度可驱动人类成肌细胞的最佳排列和分化。

骨骼肌的组织工程旨在复制肌管在天然组织上的平行排列。定向地形梯度可以研究地形对细胞方向，增殖和分化的影响，从而产生产量线索和线索，从而为肌肉组织工程开发合适的体外环境。在这项研究中，我们使用了一种聚二甲基硅氧烷基基材，该基材包含对齐的形貌梯度，其正弦特征范围为波长（λ）= 1,520 nm和幅度（A）= 176 nm至λ= 9,934 nm和A = 2,168 nm。通过此地形梯度，我们评估了地形对人类成肌细胞分布，优势方向，细胞面积，细胞核覆盖率，每细胞核个数的细胞面积以及肌管的细胞核面积的影响。我们表明，人类成肌细胞排列和分化，而与地形剖面无关。另外，对齐的人肌管通过自发收缩而显示出功能性和成熟度，并且类似于天然肌管的核外围组织。