The last few years have seen an ever-increasing interest in the exploitation of microalgae as an alternative platform to produce high-value products such as biofuels, industrial enzymes, therapeutic proteins, including antibodies, hormones, and vaccines. Due to some unique attractive features, engineering of the chloroplast genome provides a promising platform for the production of high-value targets because it allows manipulation of metabolic processes in ways that would be impossible, or at least prohibitively difficult through traditional approaches. Since its initial demonstration in 1988 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, genetic tools have been developed, which have made it possible to produce high-value molecules in different species. However, the commercial application of microalgae as production platform is hindered by many factors like poor biomass, low product yields, and costly downstream processing methodologies. In this review, we discuss the potential of microalgae to use as an alternative production platform for high-value targets using chloroplast transformation technology.

中文翻译：

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通过叶绿体转化工程化微藻，以生产高价值的工业产品。

在过去的几年中，人们对开发微藻作为生产高价值产品（例如生物燃料，工业酶，治疗性蛋白质，包括抗体，激素和疫苗）的替代平台的兴趣日益增长。由于某些独特的吸引人的特征，叶绿体基因组的工程化为生产高价值靶标提供了一个有前途的平台，因为它允许以传统方法不可能或至少难以克服的方式操纵代谢过程。自1988年在莱茵衣藻中首次证明以来，已经开发了遗传工具，这使得在不同物种中生产高价值分子成为可能。然而，微藻作为生产平台的商业应用受到许多因素的阻碍，例如生物量差，产品产量低以及下游加工方法昂贵。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了使用叶绿体转化技术将微藻作为高价值目标的替代生产平台的潜力。