The diversity of stress responses and survival strategies evolved by microorganism enables them to survive and reproduce in a multitude of harsh environments, whereas the discovery of the underlying resistance genes or mechanisms laid the foundation for the directional enhancement of microbial tolerance to abiotic stresses encountered in industrial applications. Many biological techniques have been developed for improving the stress resistance of industrial microorganisms, which greatly benefited the bacteria on which industrial production is based. This review introduces the main techniques for enhancing the resistance of microorganisms to abiotic stresses, including evolutionary engineering, metabolic engineering, and process engineering, developed in recent years. In addition, we also discuss problems that are still present in this area and offer directions for future research.

中文翻译：

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增强工业微生物对非生物胁迫的耐受性的技术：综述。

微生物进化出的应激反应和生存策略的多样性使它们能够在多种恶劣的环境中生存和繁殖，而潜在抗性基因或机制的发现为定向增强微生物对工业中遇到的非生物胁迫的耐受性奠定了基础。应用程序。已经开发了许多用于改善工业微生物的抗逆性的生物学技术，这极大地有益于工业生产所基于的细菌。这篇综述介绍了近年来增强微生物对非生物胁迫的抗性的主要技术，包括进化工程，代谢工程和过程工程。此外，