One of the most promising applications of nanomaterials is that of nanobiosensors, using biomolecules such as nucleic acids as receptors. This study aimed to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) by an environmentally friendly green synthesis, using the extract of the herb Coriandrum sativum (coriander). The synthesized NPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photon spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy. All results confirmed the synthesis of pure, spherical, positively charged NiO NPs of around 95 nm in diameter with prominent hydroxyl groups attached to the surface. Furthermore, interaction studies of synthesized NiO NPs with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) were performed using UV-Visible spectroscopy, UV-thermal melting, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy. CT DNA served as a substitute for nucleic acid biosensors. All experimental studies indicated that the NiO NPs bound electrostatically with CT DNA. These studies may facilitate exploring the potential of NiO NP-nucleic acid conjugated materials to be used as nanobiosensors for various applications, especially in pharmacological, epidemiological, and environmental diagnostic applications, and in detection.

中文翻译：

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氧化镍纳米粒子的绿色合成和理化特性：与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用研究。

纳米材料最有前途的应用之一是使用诸如核酸之类的生物分子作为受体的纳米生物传感器。这项研究旨在通过环境友好的绿色合成方法，使用草本Cor子（香菜）的提取物来合成氧化镍纳米粒子（NiO NPs）。使用紫外-可见光谱，傅里叶变换红外光谱，X射线衍射，X射线光子光谱，场发射扫描电子显微镜与能量色散光谱，动态光散射，ζ电位和透射电子显微镜对合成的NP进行表征。所有结果均证实了直径约95 nm的纯球形正电荷NiO NP的合成，表面附着有突出的羟基。此外，合成的NiO NP与小牛胸腺DNA（CT DNA）的相互作用研究是使用UV-可见光谱，UV-热熔融，圆二色性和荧光光谱进行的。CT DNA可以替代核酸生物传感器。所有实验研究表明，NiO NP与CT DNA静电结合。这些研究可能有助于探索NiO NP-核酸共轭材料作为纳米生物传感器在各种应用中的潜力，尤其是在药理学，流行病学和环境诊断应用以及检测中。所有实验研究表明，NiO NP与CT DNA静电结合。这些研究可能有助于探索NiO NP-核酸共轭材料作为纳米生物传感器在各种应用中的潜力，尤其是在药理学，流行病学和环境诊断应用以及检测中。所有实验研究表明，NiO NPs与CT DNA静电结合。这些研究可能有助于探索NiO NP-核酸共轭材料作为纳米生物传感器在各种应用中的潜力，尤其是在药理学，流行病学和环境诊断应用以及检测中。