Since the inception of mass spectrometry more than a century ago, the field has matured as analytical capabilities have progressed, instrument configurations multiplied, and applications proliferated. Modern systems are able to characterize volatile and nonvolatile sample materials, quantitatively measure abundances of molecular and elemental species with low limits of detection, and determine isotopic compositions with high degrees of precision and accuracy. Consequently, mass spectrometers have a rich history and promising future in planetary exploration. Here, we provide a short review on the development of mass analyzers and supporting subsystems (eg, ionization sources and detector assemblies) that have significant heritage in spaceflight applications, and we introduce a selection of emerging technologies that may enable new and/or augmented mission concepts in the coming decades.

中文翻译：

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质谱和行星探索：简要回顾和未来预测。


自一个多世纪前质谱诞生以来，随着分析能力的进步、仪器配置的成倍增加以及应用的激增，该领域已经日趋成熟。现代系统能够表征挥发性和非挥发性样品材料，以低检测限定量测量分子和元素种类的丰度，并以高精度和准确度确定同位素组成。因此，质谱仪在行星探索方面有着悠久的历史和广阔的前景。在这里，我们对在航天应用中具有重要传统的质量分析器和支持子系统（例如电离源和探测器组件）的发展进行了简短的回顾，并且我们介绍了一些可能实现新的和/或增强的任务的新兴技术未来几十年的概念。