Maternal transfer of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) confronts developing embryos with a pollution legacy and poses conservation concerns due to its potential impacts unto subsequent generations. We conducted a systematic review focusing on: 1) processes of POP maternal transfer, 2) challenges and opportunities to synthesizing current knowledge on POP concentrations in eggs, and 3) a meta-analysis of patterns in current egg pollution data. Results suggest selective maternal transfer of individual compounds. These relate to biological factors such as the foraging and remigration behavior, and to the selective mobilization of POPs during vitellogenesis, such as increased diffusion limitation for lipophilic POPs and slower release and higher reabsorption of apolar POPs. A key gap relates to knowledge of further selective toxicokinetics during embryonic development, as research to date has mainly focused on initial uptake into eggs. Challenges in the synthesis of current data on egg contamination profiles relate to methodological differences, varying analytical approaches, restricted data access, and reporting transparency among studies. To increase opportunities in the use of current data, we propose best practice guidelines, and synthesize a database on POP concentrations within sea turtle eggs. The meta-analysis revealed a geographical and taxonomic bias on the West Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, with most studies conducted on green turtles. Concentrations of POPs show temporal patterns related to trends in usage, production, release, and persistence in the environment, often with regional patterns. The trophic level has the potential to influence POP patterns with higher concentrations in loggerheads compared to other species, but this is confounded by temporal and geographic trends. We argue for more mechanistically process-focused and methodologically comparable research. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;39:9-29. © 2019 SETAC.

中文翻译：

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持久性有机污染物向海龟卵的母体转移：一项针对知识和数据空白的荟萃分析，旨在改进研究成果的综合。

持久性有机污染物（POPs）的母源转移面临着具有污染遗产的发育中的胚胎，并且由于其对后代的潜在影响而引起了保护方面的关注。我们进行了系统的评估，重点是：1）POP母体转移的过程，2）合成鸡蛋中POP浓度的现有知识的挑战和机遇，以及3）当前鸡蛋污染数据中模式的荟萃分析。结果表明单个化合物的选择性母体转移。这些与生物学因素有关，例如觅食和迁移行为，以及在卵黄形成过程中对POPs的选择性动员，例如对亲脂性POPs的扩散限制增加，以及非极性POPs的释放较慢和更高的重吸收。一个关键的差距与胚胎发育过程中进一步选择性毒物代谢动力学的知识有关，因为迄今为止的研究主要集中在鸡蛋的初步摄取上。鸡蛋污染状况的当前数据综合中的挑战涉及方法学差异，变化的分析方法，有限的数据访问以及研究之间的报告透明性。为了增加使用当前数据的机会，我们提出了最佳实践准则，并综合了海龟卵中POP浓度的数据库。荟萃分析显示，西大西洋，包括墨西哥湾和加勒比海，在地理和分类学上存在偏见，大多数研究都是在绿海龟上进行的。持久性有机污染物的浓度显示出与使用，生产，释放和对环境的持久性趋势有关的时间模式，通常具有区域性模式。与其他物种相比，营养水平可能会以较高的浓度影响的持久性有机污染物模式，但这与时间和地理趋势相混淆。我们主张进行更多以机械过程为中心并且在方法论上具有可比性的研究。Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 39：9-29。©2019 SETAC。