Distinct cell-types within the retina are mainly specified by morphological and molecular parameters, however, physical properties are increasingly recognized as a valuable tool to characterize and distinguish cells in diverse tissues. High-throughput analysis of morpho-rheological features has recently been introduced using real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC) providing new insights into the properties of different cell-types. Rod photoreceptors represent the main light sensing cells in the mouse retina that during development forms apically the densely packed outer nuclear layer. Currently, enrichment and isolation of photoreceptors from retinal primary tissue or pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids for analysis, molecular profiling, or transplantation is achieved using flow cytometry or magnetic activated cell sorting approaches. However, such purification methods require genetic modification or identification of cell surface binding antibody panels. Using primary retina and embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoids, we characterized the inherent morpho-mechanical properties of mouse rod photoreceptors during development based on RT-DC. We demonstrate that rods become smaller and more compliant throughout development and that these features are suitable to distinguish rods within heterogenous retinal tissues. Hence, physical properties should be considered as additional factors that might affect photoreceptor differentiation and retinal development besides representing potential parameters for label-free sorting of photoreceptors. © 2019 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.

中文翻译：

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杆形感光体的形态流变指纹图谱，使用实时可变形流式细胞术。

视网膜内不同的细胞类型主要由形态和分子参数来指定，但是，越来越多的人认识到物理性质是表征和区分各种组织中的细胞的有价值的工具。最近已经使用实时可变形细胞术（RT-DC）引入了形态流变学特征的高通量分析，从而提供了对不同细胞类型特性的新见解。棒状光感受器代表小鼠视网膜中的主要感光细胞，在发育过程中其顶端形成密集堆积的外核层。当前，使用流式细胞术或磁性活化细胞分选方法实现了从视网膜原代组织或多能干细胞来源的类器官对光感受器的富集和分离，以进行分析，分子谱分析或移植。但是，这种纯化方法需要对细胞表面结合抗体组进行遗传修饰或鉴定。我们使用原代视网膜和胚胎干细胞衍生的视网膜类器官，我们基于RT-DC的过程中表征了小鼠杆感光器的固有形态力学特性。我们证明杆变得更小，在整个开发过程中更加顺应，并且这些功能适用于区分异质性视网膜组织内的杆。因此，除了代表无标签光感受器分类的潜在参数外，物理特性应被视为可能影响光感受器分化和视网膜发育的其他因素。©2019作者。细胞计数法A部分，由Wiley Periodicals，Inc.代表国际细胞计数发展协会出版。这样的纯化方法需要基因修饰或鉴定细胞表面结合抗体组。我们使用原代视网膜和胚胎干细胞衍生的视网膜类器官，我们基于RT-DC的过程中表征了小鼠杆感光器的固有形态力学特性。我们证明杆变得更小，在整个开发过程中更加顺应，并且这些功能适用于区分异质性视网膜组织内的杆。因此，除了代表无标签光感受器分类的潜在参数外，物理特性应被视为可能影响光感受器分化和视网膜发育的其他因素。©2019作者。细胞计数法A部分，由Wiley Periodicals，Inc.代表国际细胞计数发展协会出版。这样的纯化方法需要基因修饰或鉴定细胞表面结合抗体组。我们使用原代视网膜和胚胎干细胞衍生的视网膜类器官，我们基于RT-DC的过程中表征了小鼠杆感光器的固有形态力学特性。我们证明杆变得更小，在整个开发过程中更加顺应，并且这些功能适用于区分异质性视网膜组织内的杆。因此，除了代表无标签光感受器分类的潜在参数外，物理特性应被视为可能影响光感受器分化和视网膜发育的其他因素。©2019作者。细胞计数法A部分，由Wiley Periodicals，Inc.代表国际细胞计数发展协会出版。