Abstract The newly published article by Pereira et al. (2019) analyzed the threaten of Brazilian political perspectives to the conservation of Amazonian forest. We highlighted some recent events that has leading Brazilian scientists and environmentalists worried. Mining activities and uncontrolled fire are usually associated to negative impacts on local biodiversity and on ecosystem services supporting traditional populations, such as indigenous people and riverine populations, besides generates tons of toxic wastes. Brazil’s president intentions regarding resource exploitation in the Amazon, mostly inside indigenous lands, may lead to catastrophic consequences not only for Amazon biodiversity and traditional populations, but also for the achievement of Brazilian and world´s targets of reducing global carbon emissions and to decrease current global warming rates. The active management of these areas is thus essential to preserve their role on climate change mitigation and must be the focus of the Brazilian government, rather than one considering exploring local mining and agrobusiness.

中文翻译：

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为什么在亚马逊土著土地上进行采矿和农业企业的发展对缓解世界气候变化极为有害？对 Pereira 等人的评论。（环境科学与政策 100 (2019) 8–12）

摘要 Pereira 等人新发表的文章。(2019) 分析了巴西政治观点对亚马逊森林保护的威胁。我们重点介绍了一些让巴西主要科学家和环保人士担忧的近期事件。采矿活动和不受控制的火灾通常会对当地生物多样性和支持传统人口（如土著人民和河流人口）的生态系统服务产生负面影响，此外还会产生大量有毒废物。巴西总统在亚马逊地区开发资源的意图，主要是在土著土地内，可能不仅对亚马逊生物多样性和传统人口造成灾难性后果，也是为了实现巴西和世界减少全球碳排放和降低当前全球变暖速度的目标。因此，积极管理这些地区对于保持其在减缓气候变化方面的作用至关重要，并且必须成为巴西政府的重点，而不是考虑探索当地采矿和农业企业。