Globally, liver cancer is the most frequent fatal malignancy; in the United States, it ranks fifth. Patients are often diagnosed with liver cancer in advanced stages, contributing to its poor prognosis. Of all liver cancer cases, >90% are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) for which chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the best options for therapy. For liver cancer patients, new treatment options are necessary. Use of natural compounds and/or nanotechnology may provide patients with better outcomes with lower systemic toxicity and fewer side effects. Improved treatments can lead to better prognoses. Finally, in this review, we present some of the problems and current treatment options contributing to the poor outcomes for patients with liver cancer.

中文翻译：

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肝癌的挑战和可能的治疗方法。

在全球范围内，肝癌是最常见的致命恶性肿瘤。在美国，它排名第五。患者通常被诊断为晚期肝癌，导致其预后不良。在所有肝癌病例中，> 90％是肝细胞癌（HCC），化学疗法和免疫疗法是治疗的最佳选择。对于肝癌患者，新的治疗选择是必要的。天然化合物和/或纳米技术的使用可以为患者提供更好的结果，同时具有较低的全身毒性和较少的副作用。改善治疗方法可以改善预后。最后，在这篇综述中，我们介绍了导致肝癌患者预后不良的一些问题和当前的治疗选择。