Introduction

Mortality and morbidity rates related to prescription opioid analgesics have been rising in North America and may be a gateway to the nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NUPO). The purpose of this study was to explore correlates of NUPO in the adolescent population given the scarce literature in this area.

Methods

Cross-sectional data from 10,163 middle- and high-school students (15.1 ± 1.8 years old; 57.0% female; 55.6% White ethnic background) in Ontario were derived from the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey. Potential correlates of NUPO in the past year included sociodemographic, behavioral, parental, and school characteristics.

Results

Overall prevalence of NUPO was 10.7%. In the final multivariable model, NUPO was significantly associated with 8 of the 21 correlates examined. Students who used prescription opioids nonmedically were of black, South Asian, and “other” ethnic backgrounds (OR 2.83, OR 1.77, and OR 1.67, respectively); reported a lower subjective socioeconomic status (OR 0.92), lower parental support (OR 0.90), and lower academic performance (OR 0.86); met physical activity recommendations (OR 1.48); consumed energy drinks (OR 1.42); smoked tobacco cigarettes (OR 2.33); and used cannabis (OR 1.84).

Conclusions

Findings from this study show a wide variety of correlates of NUPO among Canadian adolescents, and highlight the need for further research and the value in targeted prevention and multi-level intervention programs for NUPO in this population.

中文翻译：

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加拿大安大略省一群青少年中非处方药使用阿片类药物的相关性。

介绍

在北美，与处方阿片类镇痛药有关的死亡率和发病率一直在上升，这可能是非处方类阿片类药物（NUPO）使用的门户。这项研究的目的是探讨在该领域文献稀少的青少年中NUPO的相关性。

方法

安大略省的10163名初中和高中学生（15.1±1.8岁;女性57.0％; 55.6％的白人背景）的横断面数据来自2017年安大略省学生毒品使用和健康调查。过去一年中，NUPO的潜在相关因素包括社会人口统计学，行为，父母和学校特征。

结果

NUPO的总体患病率为10.7％。在最终的多变量模型中，NUPO与所检查的21个相关因素中的8个显着相关。非医学地使用处方阿片类药物的学生有黑人，南亚和“其他”种族背景（分别为OR 2.83，OR 1.77和OR 1.67）；报告了较低的主观社会经济地位（OR 0.92），较低的父母支持（OR 0.90）和较低的学业成绩（OR 0.86）；符合体育锻炼建议（OR 1.48）；消耗的能量饮料（或1.42）；烟熏香烟（OR 2.33）；和使用过的大麻（OR 1.84）。

结论

这项研究的结果表明，加拿大青少年中NUPO的相关性很多种，并强调了对该人群进行NUPO的有针对性的预防和多层次干预计划的进一步研究的必要性和价值。