Coloration plays a crucial role in the social communication and survival of organisms. Multidisciplinary studies have been conducted to elucidate the correlation between coloration and melanin biosynthesis (referred as melanogenesis). The multi-copper enzyme tyrosinase catalyzes the first two steps of melanogenesis for coloration in teleosts. Due to the increasing demand of tyrosinase inhibitors for the production of skin whitening cosmetics, hypopigmentation pharmaceuticals, and anti-browning agents, a large number of natural and synthetic inhibitors have been developed over the past few decades. Although a number of previous studies have focused on human use and toxicity, such as the increased cytotoxic effects of ROS-generating compounds, their ecotoxicological impacts on aquatic organisms are still poorly understood. Hence, the focus of the present review is to describe the role of coloration in teleosts as well as potential ecotoxicological effects elicited by exposure to tyrosinase inhibitors. Furthermore, this review introduces our recently registered adverse outcome pathway (AOP) related to tyrosinase inhibition and population decline in teleosts.

中文翻译：

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酪氨酸酶抑制剂对硬骨鱼的潜在不良影响：综述。

着色在生物体的社会交流和生存中起着至关重要的作用。已经进行了多学科研究以阐明着色和黑色素生物合成之间的相关性（称为黑色素生成）。多铜酶酪氨酸酶催化硬骨鱼着色的黑色素形成的前两个步骤。由于酪氨酸酶抑制剂在生产皮肤增白化妆品，色素沉着不足的药物和抗褐变剂方面的需求不断增长，在过去的几十年中已经开发出大量的天然和合成抑制剂。尽管以前的许多研究都集中在人类使用和毒性上，例如产生ROS的化合物增加的细胞毒性作用，但人们对它们对水生生物的生态毒理学影响仍然知之甚少。因此，本综述的重点是描述着色在硬骨鱼中的作用以及暴露于酪氨酸酶抑制剂引起的潜在生态毒理作用。此外，本综述介绍了我们最近注册的与酪氨酸酶抑制和硬骨鱼类种群下降有关的不良结局途径（AOP）。