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The evolution of the axonal transport toolkit.
Traffic ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-28 , DOI: 10.1111/tra.12710 Sunaina Surana 1 , David Villarroel-Campos 1 , Oscar M Lazo 1, 2 , Edoardo Moretto 2 , Andrew P Tosolini 1 , Elena R Rhymes 1 , Sandy Richter 1 , James N Sleigh 1, 2 , Giampietro Schiavo 1, 2, 3
Traffic ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-28 , DOI: 10.1111/tra.12710 Sunaina Surana 1 , David Villarroel-Campos 1 , Oscar M Lazo 1, 2 , Edoardo Moretto 2 , Andrew P Tosolini 1 , Elena R Rhymes 1 , Sandy Richter 1 , James N Sleigh 1, 2 , Giampietro Schiavo 1, 2, 3
Affiliation
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Neurons are highly polarized cells that critically depend on long-range, bidirectional transport between the cell body and synapse for their function. This continual and highly coordinated trafficking process, which takes place via the axon, has fascinated researchers since the early 20th century. Ramon y Cajal first proposed the existence of axonal trafficking of biological material after observing that dissociation of the axon from the cell body led to neuronal degeneration. Since these first indirect observations, the field has come a long way in its understanding of this fundamental process. However, these advances in our knowledge have been aided by breakthroughs in other scientific disciplines, as well as the parallel development of novel tools, techniques and model systems. In this review, we summarize the evolution of tools used to study axonal transport and discuss how their deployment has refined our understanding of this process. We also highlight innovative tools currently being developed and how their addition to the available axonal transport toolkit might help to address key outstanding questions.
中文翻译：
轴突运输工具包的演变。
神经元是高度极化的细胞，其功能严重依赖于细胞体和突触之间的远程双向传输。这种通过轴突发生的持续且高度协调的贩运过程自 20 世纪初以来一直吸引着研究人员。Ramon y Cajal 在观察到轴突与细胞体的分离导致神经元退化后，首先提出了生物材料的轴突运输存在。自这些第一次间接观察以来，该领域在理解这一基本过程方面取得了长足的进步。然而，我们知识的这些进步得益于其他科学学科的突破，以及新工具、技术和模型系统的并行发展。在本次审查中，我们总结了用于研究轴突运输的工具的演变，并讨论了它们的部署如何完善了我们对这一过程的理解。我们还强调了目前正在开发的创新工具，以及将它们添加到可用的轴突运输工具包中如何有助于解决关键的悬而未决的问题。
更新日期：2019-12-19
中文翻译：
轴突运输工具包的演变。
神经元是高度极化的细胞，其功能严重依赖于细胞体和突触之间的远程双向传输。这种通过轴突发生的持续且高度协调的贩运过程自 20 世纪初以来一直吸引着研究人员。Ramon y Cajal 在观察到轴突与细胞体的分离导致神经元退化后，首先提出了生物材料的轴突运输存在。自这些第一次间接观察以来，该领域在理解这一基本过程方面取得了长足的进步。然而，我们知识的这些进步得益于其他科学学科的突破，以及新工具、技术和模型系统的并行发展。在本次审查中，我们总结了用于研究轴突运输的工具的演变，并讨论了它们的部署如何完善了我们对这一过程的理解。我们还强调了目前正在开发的创新工具，以及将它们添加到可用的轴突运输工具包中如何有助于解决关键的悬而未决的问题。
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