Pathogens and tumor cells have adopted various adept strategies to evade immunosurveillance and promote their growth and survival. There has been substantial evidence demonstrating phosphoinositide lipids and their modifying enzymes as essential host targets that are often hijacked by pathogens and tumor cells. The common dependence of pathogen virulence and tumor progression on phosphoinositides presents an exciting disease-combating potential, particularly combinatorial therapeutics. While traditional approaches to pharmacologically inhibit phosphoinositide-metabolizing enzymes has shown some promise, the direct targeting of phosphoinositides has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy. Our review provides a current picture of the role of phosphoinositides during pathogen virulence and tumorigenesis as well as a thorough discussion on promises, challenges, and new perspectives of phosphoinositide-targeting drug development.

中文翻译：

---

通过靶向磷酸肌醇及其代谢与人类病原体和癌症作斗争。

病原体和肿瘤细胞已采取各种熟练的策略来逃避免疫监视并促进其生长和存活。有大量证据表明，磷酸肌醇脂质及其修饰酶是必需的宿主靶标，经常被病原体和肿瘤细胞劫持。病原体毒力和肿瘤进展对磷酸肌醇的共同依赖性呈现出令人兴奋的疾病防治潜力，特别是组合疗法。虽然传统的药理学抑制磷酸肌醇代谢酶的方法已显示出一定的希望，但是磷酸肌醇的直接靶向最近已出现作为一种新颖的治疗策略。