NAD+ homeostasis in renal health and disease.,Nature Reviews Nephrology

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NAD+ homeostasis in renal health and disease.
Nature Reviews Nephrology ( IF 28.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-31 , DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0216-6
Kenneth M Ralto ₁ , Eugene P Rhee ₂ , Samir M Parikh ₃

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The mammalian kidney relies on abundant mitochondria in the renal tubule to generate sufficient ATP to provide the energy required for constant reclamation of solutes from crude blood filtrate. The highly metabolically active cells of the renal tubule also pair their energetic needs to the regulation of diverse cellular processes, including energy generation, antioxidant responses, autophagy and mitochondrial quality control. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is essential not only for the harvesting of energy from substrates but also for an array of regulatory reactions that determine cellular health. In acute kidney injury (AKI), substantial decreases in the levels of NAD+ impair energy generation and, ultimately, the core kidney function of selective solute transport. Conversely, augmentation of NAD+ may protect the kidney tubule against diverse acute stressors. For example, NAD+ augmentation can ameliorate experimental AKI triggered by ischaemia-reperfusion, toxic injury and systemic inflammation. NAD+-dependent maintenance of renal tubular metabolic health may also attenuate long-term profibrotic responses that could lead to chronic kidney disease. Further understanding of the genetic, environmental and nutritional factors that influence NAD+ biosynthesis and renal resilience may lead to novel approaches for the prevention and treatment of kidney disease.

中文翻译：

肾脏健康和疾病中的NAD +动态平衡。

哺乳动物的肾脏依赖于肾小管中丰富的线粒体来产生足够的ATP，以提供从粗血滤液中不断回收溶质所需的能量。肾小管的高代谢活性细胞还将其能量需求与多种细胞过程的调节结合在一起，包括能量产生，抗氧化剂反应，自噬和线粒体质量控制。烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD +）不仅对于从底物收集能量至关重要，而且对于决定细胞健康的一系列调节反应也必不可少。在急性肾损伤（AKI）中，NAD +水平的大幅降低会损害能量生成，并最终损害选择性溶质转运的核心肾功能。反过来，增强NAD +可以保护肾小管免受各种急性应激源的侵害。例如，NAD +增强可以改善缺血再灌注，毒性损伤和全身性炎症引发的实验性AKI。依赖NAD +维持的肾小管代谢健康也可能会减弱可能导致慢性肾脏疾病的长期纤维化反应。进一步了解影响NAD +生物合成和肾脏弹性的遗传，环境和营养因素，可能会导致预防和治疗肾脏疾病的新方法。依赖NAD +维持的肾小管代谢健康也可能会减弱可能导致慢性肾脏疾病的长期纤维化反应。进一步了解影响NAD +生物合成和肾脏弹性的遗传，环境和营养因素，可能会导致预防和治疗肾脏疾病的新方法。依赖NAD +维持的肾小管代谢健康也可能会减弱可能导致慢性肾脏疾病的长期纤维化反应。进一步了解影响NAD +生物合成和肾脏弹性的遗传，环境和营养因素，可能会导致预防和治疗肾脏疾病的新方法。

更新日期：2019-11-01

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