Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is known to protect oocytes from oxidative stress. Here we investigated the effects of CGA on porcine oocyte maturation under heat stress and subsequent embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation. For in vitro maturation (IVM) at 41.0°C (hyperthermic condition), supplementation of the maturation medium with 50 μM CGA significantly improved the percentage of matured oocytes and reduced the rate of apoptosis relative to oocytes matured without CGA (p < .05). CGA treatment of oocytes during IVM under hyperthermia tended to increase (p < .1) percentage of blastocyst formation after parthenogenesis and significantly increased (p < .05) the total cell number per blastocyst relative to oocytes matured without CGA. For IVM at 38.5°C (isothermic condition), CGA significantly improved the rate of blastocyst development compared with oocytes matured without CGA (p < .05), but did not affect oocyte maturation, apoptosis rate or the number of cells per embryo. Omission of all antioxidants from the IVM medium significantly reduced the rate of oocyte maturation, but the rate was restored upon addition of CGA. These results demonstrate that CGA is a potent antioxidant that protects porcine oocytes from the negative effects of heat stress, thus reducing the frequency of apoptosis and improving the quality of embryos.

中文翻译：

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体外成熟过程中绿原酸的存在可保护猪卵母细胞免受热应激的负面影响。

绿原酸（CGA）可以保护卵母细胞免受氧化应激。在这里，我们研究了CGA对热应激下猪卵母细胞成熟的影响以及孤雌生殖激活后随后的胚胎发育。对于在41.0°C（高温条件下）的体外成熟（IVM），相对于没有CGA的成熟卵母细胞，添加50μMCGA的成熟培养基显着提高了成熟卵母细胞的百分比，并降低了细胞凋亡率（p <.05） 。孤雌生殖后，IVM在热疗下卵母细胞的CGA处理趋向于增加（p <.1）胚泡形成百分比，相对于没有CGA成熟的卵母细胞，每个胚泡的总细胞数显着增加（p <.05）。对于38.5°C（等温条件）下的IVM，与没有CGA的卵母细胞相比，CGA显着提高了胚泡发育的速度（p <.05），但不影响卵母细胞的成熟，凋亡率或每个胚胎的细胞数。从IVM培养基中省略所有抗氧化剂会显着降低卵母细胞成熟的速度，但是在添加CGA后恢复了该速度。这些结果表明，CGA是一种有效的抗氧化剂，可保护猪卵母细胞免受热应激的负面影响，从而减少细胞凋亡的频率并改善胚胎的质量。但添加了C​​GA后，费率得以恢复。这些结果表明，CGA是一种有效的抗氧化剂，可保护猪卵母细胞免受热应激的负面影响，从而减少细胞凋亡的频率并改善胚胎的质量。但添加了C​​GA后，费率得以恢复。这些结果表明，CGA是一种有效的抗氧化剂，可保护猪卵母细胞免受热应激的负面影响，从而减少细胞凋亡的频率并改善胚胎的质量。